arXiv:2512.11922cs.SEcs.AI2025-12被引 4

用AI写代码快但易留技术债,本文总结实践教训并给可持续使用建议。

Vibe Coding in Practice: Flow, Technical Debt, and Guidelines for Sustainable Use

  • 通过自然语言生成代码,追求快速开发但埋下隐患
  • 生成代码导致架构不一致、安全漏洞和维护成本上升
  • 针对模型和平台限制提出可落地的改进方案

Vibe Coding(VC)是一种由生成式AI辅助的软件开发方式,开发者通过自然语言描述功能或逻辑,AI生成对应源码。虽然可用于快速原型或最小可行产品(MVP)开发,但可能在全生命周期引入风险。基于多个内部MVP项目经验及近期行业报告分析,本文探讨了VC中的‘流程-债务’权衡问题:当代码生成顺畅时,会因架构不一致、安全漏洞和维护开销增加而积累技术债务。这些问题源于流程缺陷、训练数据偏差、缺乏显式设计依据,以及过度偏向快速生成而非人工迭代。本文指出当前模型、平台和硬件限制如何加剧这些挑战,并提出应对策略,为研究与实践提供可持续使用VC的指引。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Vibe Coding (VC) is a form of software development assisted by generative AI, in which developers describe the intended functionality or logic via natural language prompts, and the AI system generates the corresponding source code. VC can be leveraged for rapid prototyping or developing the Minimum Viable Products (MVPs); however, it may introduce several risks throughout the software development life cycle. Based on our experience from several internally developed MVPs and a review of recent industry reports, this article analyzes the flow-debt tradeoffs associated with VC. The flow-debt trade-off arises when the seamless code generation occurs, leading to the accumulation of technical debt through architectural inconsistencies, security vulnerabilities, and increased maintenance overhead. These issues originate from process-level weaknesses, biases in model training data, a lack of explicit design rationale, and a tendency to prioritize quick code generation over human-driven iterative development. Based on our experiences, we identify and explain how current model, platform, and hardware limitations contribute to these issues, and propose countermeasures to address them, informing research and practice towards more sustainable VC approaches.

AI编程技术债开发效率

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