arXiv:2512.12906cs.CV2025-12中稿 · TCSVT2024被引 5

提出新方法提升异常检测精度,减少训练噪声。

Predictive Sample Assignment for Semantically Coherent Out-of-Distribution Detection

  • 用预测能量得分设计双阈值分配策略,区分可信与不可信样本。
  • 在两个标准数据集上性能超越现有方法,显著降低误判率。
  • 适合需要高可靠性异常检测的工业场景应用。

语义一致的分布外检测(SCOOD)是一种近期提出的现实场景设置:给定带标签的分布内(ID)数据和混合的分布内与分布外(OOD)无标签数据作为训练数据,目标是使模型在测试时准确识别出分布外样本。现有方法主要采用基于聚类的分布内样本过滤(IDF)策略,从无标签数据中挑选干净的分布内样本,并将剩余样本作为辅助分布外数据,但不可避免引入大量噪声样本。为此,本文提出一种简洁的SCOOD框架——预测样本分配(PSA)。PSA包含基于预测能量得分的双阈值三元样本分配策略,能通过将置信度低的无标签数据划入额外丢弃集,显著提高所选分布内与分布外样本集的纯净度;同时引入概念对比表示学习损失,进一步拉大分布内与分布外样本在表示空间中的距离,增强区分能力。此外,还设计了重训练策略,帮助模型充分拟合筛选后的辅助分布内/外样本。在两个标准SCOOD基准上的实验表明,本方法显著优于当前最先进方法。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Semantically coherent out-of-distribution detection (SCOOD) is a recently proposed realistic OOD detection setting: given labeled in-distribution (ID) data and mixed in-distribution and out-of-distribution unlabeled data as the training data, SCOOD aims to enable the trained model to accurately identify OOD samples in the testing data. Current SCOOD methods mainly adopt various clustering-based in-distribution sample filtering (IDF) strategies to select clean ID samples from unlabeled data, and take the remaining samples as auxiliary OOD data, which inevitably introduces a large number of noisy samples in training. To address the above issue, we propose a concise SCOOD framework based on predictive sample assignment (PSA). PSA includes a dual-threshold ternary sample assignment strategy based on the predictive energy score that can significantly improve the purity of the selected ID and OOD sample sets by assigning unconfident unlabeled data to an additional discard sample set, and a concept contrastive representation learning loss to further expand the distance between ID and OOD samples in the representation space to assist ID/OOD discrimination. In addition, we also introduce a retraining strategy to help the model fully fit the selected auxiliary ID/OOD samples. Experiments on two standard SCOOD benchmarks demonstrate that our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art methods by a significant margin.

异常检测分布外检测机器学习

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