教司机保持惯性跟车,能显著减少速度波动。
Learning to Car-Follow Using an Inertia-Oriented Driving Technique: A Before-and-After Study on a Closed Circuit
- 通过训练让司机采用保持惯性跟车策略
- 实测显示速度波动和加减速幅度大幅下降
- 适合交通流稳定性研究与智能驾驶训练
几十年来,跟车与交通流模型普遍假设驾驶员默认策略是保持安全距离。但已有研究质疑‘保持距离’是否为普适规律,认为驾驶员的加速与减速扭矩不对称可能决定交通振荡模式。本研究进一步验证:通过简单教学,驾驶员可掌握‘保持惯性’(Driving to Keep Inertia, DI)跟车策略。12名驾驶员在封闭路线上先以常规方式跟车(预测试),随后接受完整DI课程,再返回相同场景。结果显示,训练后驾驶员在真实路况与模拟条件下均显著降低加速度、减速度及速度变化率,表明成功采纳了DI策略。这是首个在真实路面上证明DI策略可行性的研究。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
For decades, car following and traffic flow models have assumed that drivers default driving strategy is to maintain a safe distance. Several previous studies have questioned whether the Driving to Keep Distance is a traffic invariant. Therefore, the acceleration deceleration torque asymmetry of drivers must necessarily determine the observed patterns of traffic oscillations. Those studies indicate that drivers can adopt alternative CF strategies, such as Driving to Keep Inertia, by following basic instructions. The present work extends the evidence from previous research by showing the effectiveness of a DI course that immediately translates into practice on a closed circuit. Twelve drivers were invited to follow a lead car that varied its speed on a real circuit. Then, the driver took a DI course and returned to the same real car following scenario. Drivers generally adopted DD as the default CF mode in the pretest, both in field and simulated PC conditions, yielding very similar results. After taking the full DI course, drivers showed significantly less acceleration, deceleration, and speed variability than did the pretest, both in the field and in the simulated conditions, which indicates that drivers adopted the DI strategy. This study is the first to show the potential of adopting a DI strategy in a real circuit.
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