中国大模型仍更像美国价值观，软实力竞争隐现。
Made-in China, Thinking in America:U.S. Values Persist in Chinese LLMs
- 对比中美十款大模型与真实人群的伦理偏好
- 所有模型都更贴近美国人而非中国人价值观
- 换语言或设定人设也难改变美国价值倾向
随着大语言模型日益成为信息获取和决策辅助的关键工具，它们正成为中美等全球势力软实力竞争的载体。目前主流模型多体现西方价值，但证据主要来自美国公司产品。当前一批顶尖模型由中国开发，我们首次对十款中国模型与十款美国模型进行大规模比较研究，通过道德基础问卷2.0与世界价值观调查，收集其响应并对比数千名中美民众数据。结果发现，所有模型的响应均更接近美国人的价值观，而非中国人。即便用中文提示或设定中国身份，这种偏向仍仅轻微缓解。该现象对未来由大模型主导内容生成、塑造全球规范的格局具有深远影响。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
As large language models increasingly mediate access to information and facilitate decision-making, they are becoming instruments in soft power competitions between global actors such as the United States and China. So far, language models seem to be aligned with the values of Western countries, but evidence for this ethical bias comes mostly from models made by American companies. The current crop of state-of-the-art models includes several made in China, so we conducted the first large-scale investigation of how models made in China and the USA align with people from China and the USA. We elicited responses to the Moral Foundations Questionnaire 2.0 and the World Values Survey from ten Chinese models and ten American models, and we compared their responses to responses from thousands of Chinese and American people. We found that all models respond to both surveys more like American people than like Chinese people. This skew toward American values is only slightly mitigated when prompting the models in Chinese or imposing a Chinese persona on the models. These findings have important implications for a near future in which large language models generate much of the content people consume and shape normative influence in geopolitics.
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