多机器人协同定位多个气体泄漏源,考虑风向提升探测效率。
Mr.MSTE: Multi-robot Multi-Source Term Estimation with Wind-Aware Coverage Control
- 基于贝叶斯融合与物理模型,动态追踪多个气源变化。
- 相比传统方法,源定位更快更准,分离度提升显著。
- 适合复杂环境下的大规模机器人气体监测应用。
本文提出多机器人多气源浓度估计(MRMSTE)框架,使移动机器人团队协同采样气体浓度并推断未知数量的空中释放源参数。该框架采用混合贝叶斯推理机制,联合建模多源概率分布,并融入物理驱动的状态转移,包括由大气扩散引发的源生成、消失与合并。测量模型基于叠加原理,可高效利用稀疏浓度观测。为指导机器人部署,提出风向感知覆盖控制(WCC)策略,将动态多源信念与局部风信息结合,优先选择高检测概率区域。与传统覆盖或信息论规划不同,WCC显式建模各向异性烟羽传输对传感器性能的影响,从而实现更优的传感器布局。蒙特卡洛实验表明,相比传统覆盖策略和小型静态传感器网络,本方法收敛更快,单个源信念分离效果更好。使用TurtleBot平台在真实环境中进行二氧化碳释放实验,进一步验证了该方法在可扩展多机器人气体感知中的实用性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This paper presents a Multi-Robot Multi-Source Term Estimation (MRMSTE) framework that enables teams of mobile robots to collaboratively sample gas concentrations and infer the parameters of an unknown number of airborne releases. The framework is built on a hybrid Bayesian inference scheme that represents the joint multi-source probability density and incorporates physics-informed state transitions, including source birth, removal, and merging induced by atmospheric dispersion. A superposition-based measurement model is naturally accommodated, allowing sparse concentration measurements to be exploited efficiently. To guide robot deployment, we introduce a wind-aware coverage control (WCC) strategy that integrates the evolving multi-source belief with local wind information to prioritize regions of high detection likelihood. Unlike conventional coverage control or information-theoretic planners, WCC explicitly accounts for anisotropic plume transport when modelling sensor performance, leading to more effective sensor placement for multi-source estimation. Monte Carlo studies demonstrate faster convergence and improved separation of individual source beliefs compared to traditional coverage-based strategies and small-scale static sensor networks. Real-world experiments with CO2 releases using TurtleBot platforms further validate the proposed approach, demonstrating its practicality for scalable multi-robot gas-sensing applications.
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