用强化学习让大模型自主积累技能,提升任务完成效率。
Reinforcement Learning for Self-Improving Agent with Skill Library
- 引入序列回放机制,在任务链中逐步积累并复用技能。
- 相比现有方法,任务完成率高8.9%,交互步数减少26%。
- 适合需要持续进化能力的智能体系统研究与开发。
基于大语言模型(LLM)的智能体在复杂推理和多轮交互中表现卓越,但在新环境中难以持续改进和适应。一种有前景的方法是构建技能库,使智能体能学习、验证并应用新技能。然而,当前技能库主要依赖提示工程,难以保证一致性。为此,我们提出基于强化学习的SAGE框架,通过技能增强的GRPO实现智能体自演化。其核心组件“序列回放”在一系列相似任务链中迭代部署智能体,前序任务生成的技能逐步积累至技能库,供后续任务使用。同时,通过融合技能使用的奖励函数,增强技能生成与利用效果。在AppWorld上的实验表明,当应用于监督微调后的模型时,SAGE在专家经验基础上实现了8.9%更高的场景目标完成率,交互步数减少26%,生成令牌数减少59%,显著优于现有方法,在准确性和效率上均有大幅提升。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in complex reasoning and multi-turn interactions but struggle to continuously improve and adapt when deployed in new environments. One promising approach is implementing skill libraries that allow agents to learn, validate, and apply new skills. However, current skill library approaches rely primarily on LLM prompting, making consistent skill library implementation challenging. To overcome these challenges, we propose a Reinforcement Learning (RL)-based approach to enhance agents' self-improvement capabilities with a skill library. Specifically, we introduce Skill Augmented GRPO for self-Evolution (SAGE), a novel RL framework that systematically incorporates skills into learning. The framework's key component, Sequential Rollout, iteratively deploys agents across a chain of similar tasks for each rollout. As agents navigate through the task chain, skills generated from previous tasks accumulate in the library and become available for subsequent tasks. Additionally, the framework enhances skill generation and utilization through a Skill-integrated Reward that complements the original outcome-based rewards. Experimental results on AppWorld demonstrate that SAGE, when applied to supervised-finetuned model with expert experience, achieves 8.9% higher Scenario Goal Completion while requiring 26% fewer interaction steps and generating 59% fewer tokens, substantially outperforming existing approaches in both accuracy and efficiency.
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