跨城市研究发现,人们感知的绿意与实际植被量差异大,居住地影响最深。
It is not always greener on the other side: Greenery perception across demographics and personalities in multiple cities
- 结合街景图像与万人问卷,对比客观绿量与主观感知差异。
- 全球范围内感知与测量值相关性稳定,但居住地影响感知最显著。
- 年龄、性格等特征对绿意感知影响不大,文化与环境经验更关键。
量化与评估城市绿化对规划与发展至关重要,体现绿地在气候与福祉多维度中的持久重要性。评估方法可分为客观(如测量植被数量)与主观(如人群感知)两类,二者可能存在差异——人们看到和感受到的绿色程度未必与实际植被量一致。本文通过街景图像提取上下文信息,并基于来自五个国家1000人的综合性城市视觉感知调查,分析这种差异及其成因。研究考察了客观指标(如绿视率指数GVI)与主观评分(如成对评级)之间的差距,探究年龄组、场景中植被空间分布等人类与视觉因素的影响。结果表明,这种差异在全球范围内相当一致,而人口统计特征与人格特质对感知影响不显著。相比之下,人们所处的居住地是解释感知差异的最关键因素,位居七项特征之首。这一发现提示,文化、环境及个人经验等因素显著塑造了城市中人们对绿意的观察方式。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Quantifying and assessing urban greenery is consequential for planning and development, reflecting the everlasting importance of green spaces for multiple climate and well-being dimensions of cities. Evaluation can be broadly grouped into objective (e.g., measuring the amount of greenery) and subjective (e.g., polling the perception of people) approaches, which may differ -- what people see and feel about how green a place is might not match the measurements of the actual amount of vegetation. In this work, we advance the state of the art by measuring such differences and explaining them through human, geographic, and spatial dimensions. The experiments rely on contextual information extracted from street view imagery and a comprehensive urban visual perception survey collected from 1,000 people across five countries with their extensive demographic and personality information. We analyze the discrepancies between objective measures (e.g., Green View Index (GVI)) and subjective scores (e.g., pairwise ratings), examining whether they can be explained by a variety of human and visual factors such as age group and spatial variation of greenery in the scene. The findings reveal that such discrepancies are comparable around the world and that demographics and personality do not play a significant role in perception. Further, while perceived and measured greenery correlate consistently across geographies (both where people and where imagery are from), where people live plays a significant role in explaining perceptual differences, with these two, as the top among seven, features that influences perceived greenery the most. This location influence suggests that cultural, environmental, and experiential factors substantially shape how individuals observe greenery in cities.
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