超薄柔性机器人仅2.34克,低电压驱动可钻入毫米级狭小空间。
Untethered thin dielectric elastomer actuated soft robot
- 采用双层夹心结构和旋涂拉伸工艺,实现8微米厚的超薄弹性体
- 在220伏低压下共振频率达86赫兹,移动速度最高12.36毫米/秒
- 全无缆设计,适合在狭窄复杂环境执行任务,如医疗内窥或探测
超薄介电弹性体致动器(DEA)具有独特的平面构型,可实现低轮廓设计,适用于毫米级狭窄空间。然而,现有大多数基于DEA的软体机器人依赖高电压和有线供电,限制了其在受限环境中的应用。本研究提出一种无缆超薄软体机器人(UTS-Robot),由超薄介电弹性体致动器(TS-DEA)驱动,长38毫米、高6毫米、重2.34克,集成柔性片上电子系统,实现完全无缆驱动。TS-DEA在220伏低驱动电压下于86赫兹共振频率工作,采用四层弹性体与可压缩张紧机构构成的双致动夹心结构,实现高功率密度驱动及三向摩擦垫控制的运动。通过旋涂形成初始50微米厚度的弹性体层,再经双向拉伸至8微米,实现低电压驱动。建立完整的设计与建模框架以优化性能。实验表明,裸露的TS-DEA在共振时移动速度达12.36毫米/秒,无缆配置下仍保持0.5毫米/秒的速度,证明其在狭窄复杂环境中具备优异适应性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Thin dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA) features a unique in-plane configuration, enabling low-profile designs capable of accessing millimetre-scale narrow spaces. However, most existing DEA-powered soft robots require high voltages and wired power connections, limiting their ability to operate in confined environments. This study presents an untethered thin soft robot (UTS-Robot) powered by thin dielectric elastomer actuators (TS-DEA). The robot measures 38 mm in length, 6 mm in height, and weighs just 2.34 grams, integrating flexible onboard electronics to achieve fully untethered actuation. The TS-DEA, operating at resonant frequencies of 86 Hz under a low driving voltage of 220 V, adopts a dual-actuation sandwiched structure, comprising four dielectric elastomer layers bonded to a compressible tensioning mechanism at its core. This design enables high power density actuation and locomotion via three directional friction pads. The low-voltage actuation is achieved by fabricating each elastomer layer via spin coating to an initial thickness of 50 um, followed by biaxial stretching to 8 um. A comprehensive design and modelling framework has been developed to optimise TS-DEA performance. Experimental evaluations demonstrate that the bare TS-DEA achieves a locomotion speed of 12.36 mm/s at resonance, the untethered configuration achieves a locomotion speed of 0.5 mm/s, making it highly suitable for navigating confined and complex environments.
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