arXiv:2512.18057cs.CVcs.AI2025-12

用雷达实现实时人脸认证与表情识别,保护隐私且精度高。

FOODER: Real-time Facial Authentication and Expression Recognition

  • 基于雷达的多编码器架构实现身份认证与异常检测
  • 认证AUROC达94.13%,表情识别平均准确率94.70%
  • 全程依赖雷达数据,适合隐私敏感场景

分布外(OOD)检测对神经网络的安全部署至关重要,可识别训练域外样本。本文提出FOODER,一种基于低成本调频连续波(FMCW)雷达的实时、隐私保护框架,集成基于OOD的人脸认证与表情识别功能。FOODER利用距离-多普勒与微距离-多普勒表征,认证模块采用多编码器-多解码器架构,包含体部部件(BP)与中间线性编码器-解码器(ILED),将单个注册个体判为分布内,其余人脸均判为分布外。认证成功后激活表情识别模块,通过残差块处理拼接雷达表示,区分动态与静态表情;随后使用两个专用MobileViT网络分别分类动态表情(微笑、惊愕)和静态表情(中性、愤怒)。该分层设计实现了鲁棒的人脸认证与细粒度表情识别,且仅依赖雷达数据,保障用户隐私。在60 GHz短距FMCW雷达采集的数据集上实验表明,FOODER认证的AUROC为94.13%,FPR95为18.12%,表情识别平均准确率达94.70%,优于现有主流OOD检测方法及多种Transformer架构,同时具备实时运行能力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is essential for the safe deployment of neural networks, as it enables the identification of samples outside the training domain. We present FOODER, a real-time, privacy-preserving radar-based framework that integrates OOD-based facial authentication with facial expression recognition. FOODER operates using low-cost frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar and exploits both range-Doppler and micro range-Doppler representations. The authentication module employs a multi-encoder multi-decoder architecture with Body Part (BP) and Intermediate Linear Encoder-Decoder (ILED) components to classify a single enrolled individual as in-distribution while detecting all other faces as OOD. Upon successful authentication, an expression recognition module is activated. Concatenated radar representations are processed by a ResNet block to distinguish between dynamic and static facial expressions. Based on this categorization, two specialized MobileViT networks are used to classify dynamic expressions (smile, shock) and static expressions (neutral, anger). This hierarchical design enables robust facial authentication and fine-grained expression recognition while preserving user privacy by relying exclusively on radar data. Experiments conducted on a dataset collected with a 60 GHz short-range FMCW radar demonstrate that FOODER achieves an AUROC of 94.13% and an FPR95 of 18.12% for authentication, along with an average expression recognition accuracy of 94.70%. FOODER outperforms state-of-the-art OOD detection methods and several transformer-based architectures while operating efficiently in real time.

人脸识别雷达感知隐私保护表情识别

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