arXiv:2512.18670cs.LG2025-12

用演示库指导持续强化学习,提升动态环境适应能力

Demonstration-Guided Continual Reinforcement Learning in Dynamic Environments

  • 构建自演化演示库,直接引导智能体探索与适应
  • 在2D导航和MuJoCo任务上平均性能更优,遗忘率降低
  • 适合需要长期学习、知识复用的动态场景应用

强化学习在多种应用中表现优异,但在底层马尔可夫决策过程随时间演化的动态环境中仍面临挑战。持续强化学习(CRL)使智能体能够持续学习并适应新任务,但如何平衡稳定性(保留旧知识)与可塑性(获取新知识)仍是难题。现有方法多通过让过往知识影响优化过程来解决,但极少直接影响智能体行为,限制了知识的有效复用与高效学习。为此,本文提出演示引导的持续强化学习(DGCRL),将先前知识存入外部自演化演示库,并直接指导强化学习的探索与适应。针对每个任务,智能体动态选择最相关演示,采用课程学习策略加速训练,逐步从演示引导探索过渡到自主探索。在2D导航与MuJoCo运动任务上的大量实验表明,该方法显著提升平均性能,增强知识迁移能力,减轻遗忘现象,并提高训练效率。敏感性分析与消融实验进一步验证其有效性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Reinforcement learning (RL) excels in various applications but struggles in dynamic environments where the underlying Markov decision process evolves. Continual reinforcement learning (CRL) enables RL agents to continually learn and adapt to new tasks, but balancing stability (preserving prior knowledge) and plasticity (acquiring new knowledge) remains challenging. Existing methods primarily address the stability-plasticity dilemma through mechanisms where past knowledge influences optimization but rarely affects the agent's behavior directly, which may hinder effective knowledge reuse and efficient learning. In contrast, we propose demonstration-guided continual reinforcement learning (DGCRL), which stores prior knowledge in an external, self-evolving demonstration repository that directly guides RL exploration and adaptation. For each task, the agent dynamically selects the most relevant demonstration and follows a curriculum-based strategy to accelerate learning, gradually shifting from demonstration-guided exploration to fully self-exploration. Extensive experiments on 2D navigation and MuJoCo locomotion tasks demonstrate its superior average performance, enhanced knowledge transfer, mitigation of forgetting, and training efficiency. The additional sensitivity analysis and ablation study further validate its effectiveness.

持续学习强化学习演示引导动态环境

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