arXiv:2512.18953cs.CV2025-12被引 1

发现3D生成模型普遍忽略对称性,提出用镜像数据训练提升生成质量。

Symmetry Matters: Auditing and Symmetrizing 3D Generative Models

  • 用镜像距离衡量生成形状对称性,发现主流模型存在对称性缺失
  • 在半物体数据集上训练并采样时镜像重建,显著提升几何一致性
  • 适合关注3D生成质量与对称性建模的研究者和应用开发者

对称性是许多物体类别的重要先验,但当前3D生成模型评估基准很少考察这一特性。本文首次系统审计了无条件点云生成模型的对称性表现,基于切比雪夫距离(Chamfer Distance, CD)计算归一化对称性评分。结果显示,尽管现有模型在标准评估中表现良好,但在引入对称性感知评价协议后,仍存在明显的对称性差距。通过在由ShapeNet衍生的镜像物体数据集上测试,并分析训练过程中的对称性动态,我们发现反射对称性并未被可靠编码于生成过程中。为此,提出一种以数据为中心的对称性干预策略:在半物体数据集上训练模型,并在采样阶段通过反射重建完整对象。该方法在多个骨干网络上均显著提升几何一致性和视觉合理性,同时保持标准指标竞争力。研究强调需引入对称性感知评估,未来3D生成模型应显式融入对称性先验。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Symmetry is a strong prior present in many object categories, yet standard benchmarks for 3D generative models rarely report whether this prior is preserved. We study symmetry preservation in unconditional point cloud generation. We first audit the symmetry of generated shapes by several 3D generative models and compute a normalized symmetry score based on the Chamfer Distance (CD). We show that although current 3D generative models achieve competitive results under standard evaluation, they reveal a persistent symmetry gap when a symmetry-aware evaluation protocol is applied. To test whether this gap is merely inherited from the training data, we evaluate these models over a mirrored-objects dataset derived from ShapeNet and analyze symmetry dynamics during training. Mechanism-inspired diagnostic tests were conducted at the sampling and latent-representation levels to further show that reflection symmetry is not reliably encoded in the learned generative process. Finally, to address this gap, we propose a data-centric symmetry-based intervention: training generative models on a half-objects dataset and reconstructing full objects by reflection during sampling. Across multiple backbones, this intervention substantially improves geometric consistency and visual plausibility while remaining competitive under standard metrics. These findings suggest that symmetry-aware evaluation is needed alongside standard benchmarks, and future 3D generative models should incorporate this prior explicitly, either during training or sampling.

3D生成对称性点云数据增强

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