用大模型融合文本与时序数据,提升绿色数据中心冷负荷预测精度
HyperLoad: A Cross-Modality Enhanced Large Language Model-Based Framework for Green Data Center Cooling Load Prediction
- 基于预训练大模型对齐文本先验与时序数据,缓解小样本问题
- 在数据充足与稀缺场景下均超越现有最优模型,最高提升12.3%
- 适合关注数据中心节能与可持续运营的研究者与工程师
人工智能的快速发展正急剧增加计算需求,导致数据中心能耗和碳排放上升,推动绿色数据中心快速部署以缓解资源与环境压力。实现可再生能源、储能与负载的亚分钟级协同调度,同时最小化PUE和生命周期碳强度,关键在于精准的负载预测。然而,现有方法难以应对绿色数据中心因冷启动、负载失真、多源数据碎片化及分布偏移带来的小样本挑战。我们提出HyperLoad,一种基于预训练大语言模型的跨模态增强框架,以克服数据稀缺问题。在跨模态知识对齐阶段,将文本先验与时序数据映射至共同潜在空间,最大化先验知识利用率;在多尺度特征建模阶段,通过自适应前缀调优注入领域对齐先验,实现快速场景适配,并采用增强型全局交互注意力机制捕捉跨设备时间依赖关系。公开发布用于基准测试的DCData数据集。在数据充足与稀缺设置下,HyperLoad持续优于当前最先进(SOTA)基线模型,证明其在可持续绿色数据中心管理中的实用性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The rapid growth of artificial intelligence is exponentially escalating computational demand, inflating data center energy use and carbon emissions, and spurring rapid deployment of green data centers to relieve resource and environmental stress. Achieving sub-minute orchestration of renewables, storage, and loads, while minimizing PUE and lifecycle carbon intensity, hinges on accurate load forecasting. However, existing methods struggle to address small-sample scenarios caused by cold start, load distortion, multi-source data fragmentation, and distribution shifts in green data centers. We introduce HyperLoad, a cross-modality framework that exploits pre-trained large language models (LLMs) to overcome data scarcity. In the Cross-Modality Knowledge Alignment phase, textual priors and time-series data are mapped to a common latent space, maximizing the utility of prior knowledge. In the Multi-Scale Feature Modeling phase, domain-aligned priors are injected through adaptive prefix-tuning, enabling rapid scenario adaptation, while an Enhanced Global Interaction Attention mechanism captures cross-device temporal dependencies. The public DCData dataset is released for benchmarking. Under both data sufficient and data scarce settings, HyperLoad consistently surpasses state-of-the-art (SOTA) baselines, demonstrating its practicality for sustainable green data center management.
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