用‘话语模型’取代‘语言模型’，重新定义大模型的认知本质。
Stop saying LLM: Large Discourse Models (LDM) and Artificial Discursive Agent (ADA)?
- 提出‘话语模型’新范式，从认知、身体、社会三重结构理解生成机制。
- 强调模型是人类经验的再实体化产物，非单纯语言处理工具。
- 适合关注AI治理、社会影响与技术哲学的研究者与政策制定者。
本文提出对大型生成模型认知范式的根本转变，以‘大型话语模型’（LDM）替代‘大型语言模型’（LLM），并进一步发展为‘人工话语代理’（ADA）。理论基础源于本体论三元结构：对指涉世界现象规律的感知、具身认知的建构，以及话语在社会历史语境中的结构性沉积。LDM基于这三者的产物——文本——建模人类经验的部分话语投射，该投射由训练语料固化而成。研究旨在打破对AI的‘迷恋/恐惧’二元叙事，推动公共审议与制度化程序，使人工话语代理在当代社会空间中的定位、用途与边界得以透明可解，倡导政府、产业、公民社会与学术界共同参与治理与协同规制。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This paper proposes an epistemological shift in the analysis of large generative models, replacing the category ''Large Language Models'' (LLM) with that of ''Large Discourse Models'' (LDM), and then with that of Artificial Discursive Agent (ADA). The theoretical framework is based on an ontological triad distinguishing three regulatory instances: the apprehension of the phenomenal regularities of the referential world, the structuring of embodied cognition, and the structural-linguistic sedimentation of the utterance within a socio-historical context. LDMs, operating on the product of these three instances (the document), model the discursive projection of a portion of human experience reified by the learning corpus. The proposed program aims to replace the ''fascination/fear'' dichotomy with public trials and procedures that make the place, uses, and limits of artificial discursive agents in contemporary social space decipherable, situating this approach within a perspective of governance and co-regulation involving the State, industry, civil society, and academia.
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