用证据深度学习识别不可靠同伴,实现可穿戴设备联邦学习中的自适应个性化。
Evidential Trust-Aware Model Personalization in Decentralized Federated Learning for Wearable IoT
- 通过狄利克雷证据模型量化不确定性,判断邻居数据分布是否匹配。
- 在三个可穿戴数据集上,非独立同分布下性能下降仅0.9%(基准19.3%)。
- 适合资源受限的边缘设备场景,尤其关注个性化与协作安全性的研究者。
去中心化联邦学习(DFL)可在无中心协调的情况下实现边缘设备间的协同模型训练,具备抗单点故障的能力。然而,由非独立同分布本地数据引发的统计异质性带来根本挑战:节点需学习适配本地分布的个性化模型,同时选择性地与兼容的同伴协作。现有方法要么强制统一全局模型,导致各节点表现不佳;要么依赖启发式同伴选择机制,无法区分真正不兼容与具有互补价值的数据分布。本文提出Murmura框架,利用证据深度学习实现信任感知的模型个性化。核心洞察是:基于狄利克雷的证据模型所生成的主体不确定性,能直接反映同伴兼容性——当同伴模型在本地验证样本上表现出高主体不确定性时,表明分布不匹配,节点可排除其影响,同时通过选择性协作保持个性化模型。Murmura引入信任感知聚合机制,通过本地验证样本交叉评估计算同伴兼容性分数,并基于证据信任度动态调整阈值进行个性化聚合。在三个可穿戴物联网数据集(UCI HAR、PAMAP2、PPG-DaLiA)上的评估表明,相比基线方法,Murmura在非独立同分布条件下性能下降仅为0.9%(基线19.3%),收敛速度提升7.4倍,且对超参数变化保持稳定精度。这些结果确立了证据不确定性作为去中心化异构环境中兼容性感知个性化的理论基础。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Decentralized federated learning (DFL) enables collaborative model training across edge devices without centralized coordination, offering resilience against single points of failure. However, statistical heterogeneity arising from non-identically distributed local data creates a fundamental challenge: nodes must learn personalized models adapted to their local distributions while selectively collaborating with compatible peers. Existing approaches either enforce a single global model that fits no one well, or rely on heuristic peer selection mechanisms that cannot distinguish between peers with genuinely incompatible data distributions and those with valuable complementary knowledge. We present Murmura, a framework that leverages evidential deep learning to enable trust-aware model personalization in DFL. Our key insight is that epistemic uncertainty from Dirichlet-based evidential models directly indicates peer compatibility: high epistemic uncertainty when a peer's model evaluates local data reveals distributional mismatch, enabling nodes to exclude incompatible influence while maintaining personalized models through selective collaboration. Murmura introduces a trust-aware aggregation mechanism that computes peer compatibility scores through cross-evaluation on local validation samples and personalizes model aggregation based on evidential trust with adaptive thresholds. Evaluation on three wearable IoT datasets (UCI HAR, PAMAP2, PPG-DaLiA) demonstrates that Murmura reduces performance degradation from IID to non-IID conditions compared to baseline (0.9% vs. 19.3%), achieves 7.4$\times$ faster convergence, and maintains stable accuracy across hyperparameter choices. These results establish evidential uncertainty as a principled foundation for compatibility-aware personalization in decentralized heterogeneous environments.
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