人机双向协作提升脑瘤诊断准确率，双方表现共同进步
Bidirectional human-AI collaboration in brain tumour assessments improves both expert human and AI agent performance
- 双向协作：医生助AI，AI也帮医生提升判断能力
- 人类与AI协作时，诊断准确率和自我评估能力均显著提升
- 适合医疗AI开发与临床辅助系统设计者参考
人工智能与人类医生的协作在医疗领域日益受到关注。本文研究了磁共振成像引导下脑瘤患者评估中的人机双向合作模式。结果表明，不仅由AI支持的放射科医生表现更优，由人类医生支持的AI代理也显著提升了准确性与元认知能力。尤其当AI由人类协助时，患者获益最大。协同改进体现在代理的准确率、元认知表现及评分一致性上，说明无论是人类还是模型，都能通过协作变得更精准、自信且一致。研究提示，医疗AI的最大价值并非取代人类，而是持续借助并放大人类智慧。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The benefits of artificial intelligence (AI) human partnerships-evaluating how AI agents enhance expert human performance-are increasingly studied. Though rarely evaluated in healthcare, an inverse approach is possible: AI benefiting from the support of an expert human agent. Here, we investigate both human-AI clinical partnership paradigms in the magnetic resonance imaging-guided characterisation of patients with brain tumours. We reveal that human-AI partnerships improve accuracy and metacognitive ability not only for radiologists supported by AI, but also for AI agents supported by radiologists. Moreover, the greatest patient benefit was evident with an AI agent supported by a human one. Synergistic improvements in agent accuracy, metacognitive performance, and inter-rater agreement suggest that AI can create more capable, confident, and consistent clinical agents, whether human or model-based. Our work suggests that the maximal value of AI in healthcare could emerge not from replacing human intelligence, but from AI agents that routinely leverage and amplify it.
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