arXiv:2512.19769cs.SEcs.AI2025-12被引 5

用声明式语言简化大模型智能体工作流开发与部署。

A Declarative Language for Building And Orchestrating LLM-Powered Agent Workflows

  • 用统一的领域语言(DSL)描述智能体流程,解耦逻辑与实现。
  • 在PayPal实测中开发效率提升60%,部署速度提高3倍。
  • 非工程师也能安全修改行为,支持多策略A/B测试。

构建可部署的大模型智能体需要复杂地协调工具、数据源和控制流逻辑,但现有系统将智能体逻辑与特定编程语言和部署模型紧密耦合。我们提出一种声明式系统,将智能体工作流定义与实现分离,使同一管道定义可在Java、Python、Go等多种后端语言及云原生、本地部署环境中运行。核心洞察是多数智能体工作流由常见模式构成——数据序列化、过滤、RAG检索、API编排——可通过统一的领域语言(DSL)表达,而非过程代码。该方法将智能体开发从编程转变为配置:添加新工具或调整行为只需修改管道定义,无需重新部署代码。系统原生支持智能体策略的A/B测试,多个管道变体可在相同基础设施上并行运行,并自动收集与比较指标。我们在PayPal的真实电商工作流上评估,每日处理数百万次交互。结果表明,相比命令式实现,开发时间减少60%,部署速度提升3倍。声明式方法使非工程师能安全修改智能体行为,同时保持亚100ms的编排开销。复杂工作流如商品搜索、个性化推荐和购物车管理,仅需50行以下的DSL即可表达,而传统方式需500行以上代码。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Building deployment-ready LLM agents requires complex orchestration of tools, data sources, and control flow logic, yet existing systems tightly couple agent logic to specific programming languages and deployment models. We present a declarative system that separates agent workflow specification from implementation, enabling the same pipeline definition to execute across multiple backend languages (Java, Python, Go) and deployment environments (cloud-native, on-premises). Our key insight is that most agent workflows consist of common patterns -- data serialization, filtering, RAG retrieval, API orchestration -- that can be expressed through a unified DSL rather than imperative code. This approach transforms agent development from application programming to configuration, where adding new tools or fine-tuning agent behaviors requires only pipeline specification changes, not code deployment. Our system natively supports A/B testing of agent strategies, allowing multiple pipeline variants to run on the same backend infrastructure with automatic metric collection and comparison. We evaluate our approach on real-world e-commerce workflows at PayPal, processing millions of daily interactions. Our results demonstrate 60% reduction in development time, and 3x improvement in deployment velocity compared to imperative implementations. The language's declarative approach enables non-engineers to modify agent behaviors safely, while maintaining sub-100ms orchestration overhead. We show that complex workflows involving product search, personalization, and cart management can be expressed in under 50 lines of DSL compared to 500+ lines of imperative code.

智能体工作流声明式DSL

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