arXiv:2512.22180cs.DCcs.AI2025-12

用iPhone的闲置算力,零成本加速本地机器学习训练与推理。

iOS as Acceleration

  • 通过分布式流水线并行,利用iOS设备闲置算力提升本地计算性能。
  • 在资源受限环境下,显著加速模型训练、批量推理和智能工具调用。
  • 适合需隐私保护或低成本部署的边缘AI场景,如医疗、工业应用。

大规模机器学习的实际应用需要强大的计算资源,这在资源受限的系统环境中构成重大障碍。尽管云计算可缓解本地算力不足,但在涉及私有或敏感数据、无法通过云访问的物理环境,或预期使用成本较高时,本地计算仍为必要选择。本文探索利用普遍但未被充分利用的资源——智能手机,在零额外成本下提升弱计算环境的性能。具体而言,近年来的iOS手机配备了性能强劲的处理器,但也面临内存限制、温度降频和操作系统沙箱等挑战。我们提出一个概念验证系统,采用分布式流水线并行方法,成功在有限算力环境下实现模型训练、批量推理及智能代理工具使用的显著加速。文中讨论了实际应用场景、现有局限性及未来研究方向。研究结果表明,日常移动设备具备潜力,可为机器学习提供更广泛的支持。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Practical utilization of large-scale machine learning requires a powerful compute setup, a necessity which poses a significant barrier to engagement with such artificial intelligence in more restricted system environments. While cloud computing offers a solution to weaker local environments, certain situations like training involving private or sensitive data, physical environments not available through the cloud, or higher anticipated usage costs, necessitate computing locally. We explore the potential to improve weaker local compute systems at zero additional cost by taking advantage of ubiquitous yet underutilized resources: mobile phones. Specifically, recent iOS phones are equipped with surprisingly powerful processors, but they also face limitations like memory constraints, thermal throttling, and OS sandboxing. We present a proof-of-concept system demonstrating a novel approach to harness an iOS device via distributed pipeline parallelism, achieving significant benefits in a lesser compute environment by accelerating modest model training, batch inference, and agentic LRM tool-usage. We discuss practical use-cases, limitations, and directions for future work. The findings of this paper highlight the potential for the improving commonplace mobile devices to provide greater contributions to machine learning.

边缘计算移动端AI分布式训练

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