分析法律文献中词汇意义随时间演变，揭示司法观念变迁。
AETAS: Analysis of Evolving Temporal Affect and Semantics for Legal History
- 构建可复现的分析流程，结合语义嵌入与法律轴线量化词汇漂移
- 发现19世纪末至20世纪初，正义、惩罚、贫困等概念发生显著语义变化
- 适合历史语言学、数字人文及法律社会学研究者参考
针对法律语料中词汇意义演变的研究，常在人工细读与黑箱嵌入模型间来回。本文提出一个可复现的专家系统式分析流程，量化旧贝利档案（1674–1913）中词汇的语义漂移及其不稳定性。按十年分段处理，对低资源片段采用动态合并；训练跳字模型嵌入，通过正交普鲁斯特法对齐至1900年代锚点空间，度量几何位移与邻域更替。引入半样本基线和种子敏感性检验，区分组内不稳定性与真实时间变化。三个可视化输出——漂移强度、语义轨迹、宽恕与报复轴向移动——揭示了刑罚改革、流放争议与维多利亚道德政治下司法、犯罪、贫困与精神失常概念的演化。该流程以可审计脚本实现，可迁移至其他历史语料库。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Digital-humanities work on semantic shift often alternates between handcrafted close readings and opaque embedding machinery. We present a reproducible expert-system style pipeline that quantifies lexical drift and its instability in the Old Bailey Corpus (1674-1913), coupling interpretable trajectories with legally meaningful axes. We bin proceedings by decade with dynamic merging for low-resource slices, train skip-gram embeddings, align spaces through orthogonal Procrustes to a 1900s anchor, and measure both geometric displacement and neighborhood turnover. We add split-half baselines and seed-sensitivity checks to separate within-bin instability from temporal change. Three visual analytics outputs (drift magnitudes, semantic trajectories, and movement along a mercy-versus-retribution axis) expose how justice, crime, poverty, and insanity evolve with penal reforms, transportation debates, and Victorian moral politics. The pipeline is implemented as auditable scripts so results can be reproduced in other historical corpora.
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