为非完整机器人设计室外全覆盖导航系统,支持避障与恢复
Sistema de navegación de cobertura para vehículos no holonómicos en ambientes de exterior
- 基于路径规划与动态恢复机制实现全覆盖
- 实测多数场景覆盖率达90%以上
- 适用于矿山等复杂室外环境的自动化作业
在移动机器人领域,覆盖导航指机器人有目的地移动以完全覆盖某一区域或体积。该任务对多种应用至关重要,例如用扫地机器人清洁设施,或在采矿业中通过工业机械完成清洁、堆料及尾矿坝墙建设等工序。自动化这些流程可显著提升安全性。本文提出一种面向非完整机器人的覆盖导航系统,旨在验证相关工序自动化的可行性。系统包含路径规划模块,可在遭遇动态或未建模障碍(如其他设备或行人)时触发避障与恢复行为,确保地形全覆盖。在多个仿真与真实户外环境中测试,多数实验覆盖率达到近90%。下一步将把系统扩展至真实采矿车辆,并在实际场景中验证。部分实测视频见:https://youtu.be/gK7_3bK1P5g。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In mobile robotics, coverage navigation refers to the deliberate movement of a robot with the purpose of covering a certain area or volume. Performing this task properly is fundamental for the execution of several activities, for instance, cleaning a facility with a robotic vacuum cleaner. In the mining industry, it is required to perform coverage in several unit processes related with material movement using industrial machinery, for example, in cleaning tasks, in dumps, and in the construction of tailings dam walls. The automation of these processes is fundamental to enhance the security associated with their execution. In this work, a coverage navigation system for a non-holonomic robot is presented. This work is intended to be a proof of concept for the potential automation of various unit processes that require coverage navigation like the ones mentioned before. The developed system includes the calculation of routes that allow a mobile platform to cover a specific area, and incorporates recovery behaviors in case that an unforeseen event occurs, such as the arising of dynamic or previously unmapped obstacles in the terrain to be covered, e.g., other machines or pedestrians passing through the area, being able to perform evasive maneuvers and post-recovery to ensure a complete coverage of the terrain. The system was tested in different simulated and real outdoor environments, obtaining results near 90% of coverage in the majority of experiments. The next step of development is to scale up the utilized robot to a mining machine/vehicle whose operation will be validated in a real environment. The result of one of the tests performed in the real world can be seen in the video available in https://youtu.be/gK7_3bK1P5g.
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