用量子力学框架统一分类、推理与泛化,让模型像解方程一样思考。
Schrodinger AI: A Unified Spectral-Dynamical Framework for Classification, Reasoning, and Operator-Based Generalization
- 基于量子哈密顿量的谱分解处理感知分类
- 动态波函数演化实现环境变化下的自适应推理
- 通过低秩算子学习符号变换,实现超长序列泛化
我们提出Schrödinger AI,一种受量子力学启发的统一机器学习框架。系统由三个紧密耦合组件构成:(1) 时不变波-能量求解器,将感知与分类视为在学习到的哈密顿量下的谱分解;(2) 时变动力学求解器,控制语义波函数随时间演化,支持上下文感知的决策修正、路径重规划及环境变化下的推理;(3) 低秩算子微积分,通过学习类量子跃迁算子来实现模运算等符号变换。三者共同构成物理驱动的机器学习范式,替代传统交叉熵训练与Transformer注意力机制,提供鲁棒泛化、可解释语义与涌现拓扑结构。实验表明:(a) 无需显式监督即可涌现出反映人类认知类别关系的语义流形;(b) 动态推理能适应环境变化,包括实时扰动势场下的迷宫导航;(c) 在模运算任务中实现精确算子泛化,学习群作用并跨序列组合,远超训练长度。结果表明,学习可被视作发现并导航潜在语义能量景观的新范式。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We introduce \textbf{Schrödinger AI}, a unified machine learning framework inspired by quantum mechanics. The system is defined by three tightly coupled components: (1) a {time-independent wave-energy solver} that treats perception and classification as spectral decomposition under a learned Hamiltonian; (2) a {time-dependent dynamical solver} governing the evolution of semantic wavefunctions over time, enabling context-aware decision revision, re-routing, and reasoning under environmental changes; and (3) a {low-rank operator calculus} that learns symbolic transformations such as modular arithmetic through learned quantum-like transition operators. Together, these components form a coherent physics-driven alternative to conventional cross-entropy training and transformer attention, providing robust generalization, interpretable semantics, and emergent topology. Empirically, Schrödinger AI demonstrates: (a) emergent semantic manifolds that reflect human-conceived class relations without explicit supervision; (b) dynamic reasoning that adapts to changing environments, including maze navigation with real-time potential-field perturbations; and (c) exact operator generalization on modular arithmetic tasks, where the system learns group actions and composes them across sequences far beyond training length. These results suggest a new foundational direction for machine learning, where learning is cast as discovering and navigating an underlying semantic energy landscape.
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