arXiv:2512.23619cs.ROmath.GT2025-12被引 1

发现多旋翼最优设计存在拓扑规律,可实现无损变形。

The N-5 Scaling Law: Topological Dimensionality Reduction in the Optimal Design of Fully-actuated Multirotors

  • 将旋翼方向优化建模为射影线流形上的几何问题
  • 发现正则构型下最优解形成N-5条一维连续分支
  • 揭示设计冗余性,支持飞行器持续重构而不失控制性能

全驱动多旋翼的几何设计传统上被当作参数优化问题,寻求固定结构家族中的单一最优旋翼方向集。本文突破这一范式,研究优化景观本身的内在拓扑结构。将设计问题定义在射影线乘积流形 \\(\mathbb{RP}^2)^N\\) 上,固定旋翼位置于多面体支架顶点,变化其作用线方向。通过最小化坐标无关的对数体积各向同性度量,发现全局最优解的拓扑严格受支架对称性支配。对于一般(不规则)顶点布局,解集表现为离散孤立点;当支架几何趋近正则时,解空间发生临界相变,坍缩为与支架外接球在顶点处相切的N维环面,并进一步退化为由仿射相位锁定驱动的连续一维曲线。我们总结出N-5标度律:对所有考察的正则平面多边形及正多面体(N ≤ 10),最优配置空间包含K=N-5条互不连通的一维拓扑分支。这些锁定模式对应一系列可接受的星形多边形{N/q},可精确预测任意N下的最优相位。关键的是,该拓扑揭示了设计冗余,使车辆能沿这些分支连续重构,同时保持最优各向同性控制能力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The geometric design of fully-actuated and omnidirectional N-rotor aerial vehicles is conventionally formulated as a parametric optimization problem, seeking a single optimal set of N orientations within a fixed architectural family. This work departs from that paradigm to investigate the intrinsic topological structure of the optimization landscape itself. We formulate the design problem on the product manifold of Projective Lines \RP^2^N, fixing the rotor positions to the vertices of polyhedral chassis while varying their lines of action. By minimizing a coordinate-invariant Log-Volume isotropy metric, we reveal that the topology of the global optima is governed strictly by the symmetry of the chassis. For generic (irregular) vertex arrangements, the solutions appear as a discrete set of isolated points. However, as the chassis geometry approaches regularity, the solution space undergoes a critical phase transition, collapsing onto an N-dimensional Torus of the lines tangent at the vertexes to the circumscribing sphere of the chassis, and subsequently reducing to continuous 1-dimensional curves driven by Affine Phase Locking. We synthesize these observations into the N-5 Scaling Law: an empirical relationship holding for all examined regular planar polygons and Platonic solids (N <= 10), where the space of optimal configurations consists of K=N-5 disconnected 1D topological branches. We demonstrate that these locking patterns correspond to a sequence of admissible Star Polygons {N/q}, allowing for the exact prediction of optimal phases for arbitrary N. Crucially, this topology reveals a design redundancy that enables optimality-preserving morphing: the vehicle can continuously reconfigure along these branches while preserving optimal isotropic control authority.

多旋翼设计拓扑优化控制冗余几何建模

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