用大模型自动提取文本中的因果关系,生成可自我演化的动态认知图。
The Agentic Leash: Extracting Causal Feedback Fuzzy Cognitive Maps with LLMs
- 通过三步指令引导大模型从文本中提取概念节点和模糊因果边。
- 生成的因果认知图能收敛到与人类构建图一致的平衡态周期。
- 混合不同模型结果可产生新平衡态,更逼近真实因果系统。
我们设计了一个基于大语言模型(LLM)的智能体系统,从原始文本中提取因果反馈模糊认知图(FCMs)。该学习过程具有代理特性:一方面源于LLM的半自主性,另一方面由FCM动力系统的平衡态驱动其主动获取并处理因果文本。所获取的文本可反过来调整自适应的FCM因果结构,从而改变其准自主性的来源——即其平衡态极限环与固定点吸引子。这一双向过程使演化中的FCM动力系统具备一定自主性,同时仍保持在代理的“缰绳”控制下。我们通过三组系统指令引导LLM依次完成:从文本中提取关键词与名词短语;从中识别出FCM概念节点;再推断或提取部分模糊因果边。实验以基辛格等人的近期关于人工智能前景的论文为数据源,结果表明,生成的FCM动力系统收敛至与人工构建图相同的平衡态极限环,尽管后者节点和边数不同。最终融合来自Gemini与ChatGPT的多个独立生成的FCM,混合后的图既继承主导成分的平衡态,也产生新的平衡态,从而更精确地逼近底层因果动力系统。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We design a large-language-model (LLM) agent system that extracts causal feedback fuzzy cognitive maps (FCMs) from raw text. The causal learning or extraction process is agentic both because of the LLM's semi-autonomy and because ultimately the FCM dynamical system's equilibria drive the LLM agents to fetch and process causal text. The fetched text can in principle modify the adaptive FCM causal structure and so modify the source of its quasi-autonomy$-$its equilibrium limit cycles and fixed-point attractors. This bidirectional process endows the evolving FCM dynamical system with a degree of autonomy while the system still stays on its agentic leash. We show in particular that a sequence of three system-instruction sets guide an LLM agent as it systematically extracts key nouns and noun phrases from text, as it extracts FCM concept nodes from among those nouns and noun phrases, and then as it extracts or infers partial or fuzzy causal edges between those FCM nodes. We test this FCM generation on a recent essay about the promise of AI from the late diplomat and political theorist Henry Kissinger and his colleagues. This three-step process produced FCM dynamical systems that converged to the same equilibrium limit cycles as did the human-generated FCMs even though the human-generated FCM differed in the number of nodes and edges. A final FCM mixed generated FCMs from separate Gemini and ChatGPT LLM agents. The mixed FCM absorbed the equilibria of its dominant mixture component but also created new equilibria of its own to better approximate the underlying causal dynamical system.
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