针对加密流量的实时入侵检测,设计轻量级低延迟方案。
NOS-Gate: Queue-Aware Streaming IDS for Consumer Gateways under Timing-Controlled Evasion
- 基于网络优化脉冲机制,每流部署轻量双状态单元
- 在0.1%误报率下实现0.952的事件召回率,优于基线
- 适配消费级网关,支持低延迟可逆缓解,适合资源受限场景
时序与突发模式可能在加密后仍泄露,自适应攻击者可利用此漏洞。因此,独立运行的消费级网关需在仅使用元数据的前提下,对加密流量进行实时入侵检测,且受制于严格的CPU与延迟预算。本文提出一种面向独立网关的流式入侵检测系统NOS-Gate,其基于网络优化脉冲(NOS)动力学构建轻量双状态单元,对固定长度的元数据特征窗口打分,并采用K-of-M持续性规则触发可逆缓解:在加权公平队列(WFQ)中临时降低该流的权重。我们通过可执行的"worlds"基准测试评估了其在时序控制逃避攻击下的表现,该基准涵盖正常设备行为、可审计攻击预算、竞争结构及包级WFQ重放以量化队列影响。所有方法均通过烧入分位数阈值实现无标签校准。在多个可复现世界与恶意事件中,当误报率为0.1%时,NOS-Gate的事件召回率达0.952,优于最佳基线的0.857;启用门控后,平均每个流窗口的评分成本约为2.09 μs,显著降低p99.9队列延迟与旁路延迟。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Timing and burst patterns can leak through encryption, and an adaptive adversary can exploit them. This undermines metadata-only detection in a stand-alone consumer gateway. Therefore, consumer gateways need streaming intrusion detection on encrypted traffic using metadata only, under tight CPU and latency budgets. We present a streaming IDS for stand-alone gateways that instantiates a lightweight two-state unit derived from Network-Optimised Spiking (NOS) dynamics per flow, named \emph{NOS-Gate}. NOS-Gate scores fixed-length windows of metadata features and, under a $K$-of-$M$ persistence rule, triggers a reversible mitigation that temporarily reduces the flow's weight under weighted fair queueing (WFQ). We evaluate NOS-Gate under timing-controlled evasion using an executable \emph{worlds} benchmark that specifies benign device processes, auditable attacker budgets, contention structure, and packet-level WFQ replay to quantify queue impact. All methods are calibrated label-free via burn-in quantile thresholding. Across multiple reproducible worlds and malicious episodes, at an achieved $0.1\%$ false-positive operating point, NOS-Gate attains 0.952 incident recall versus 0.857 for the best baseline in these runs. Under gating, it reduces p99.9 queueing delay and p99.9 collateral delay with a mean scoring cost of $\approx 2.09\,μ\mathrm{s}$ per flow-window on CPU.
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