用量子计算+机器学习预测人体气味分子传感性能,实现可解释的材料设计。
Interpretable Machine Learning for Quantum-Informed Property Predictions in Artificial Sensing Materials
- 融合量子力学数据与树模型,用分子性质预测吸附特征。
- CatBoost模型在未见分子上表现最优,迁移能力突出。
- 可解释性分析揭示关键量子属性,指导传感器理性设计。
数字嗅觉系统在拓展定制化电子鼻对复杂体味挥发组(BOV)适用性方面面临可持续方法挑战。为此,我们开发了MORE-ML计算框架,将电子鼻分子构建单元的量子力学(QM)属性数据与机器学习(ML)方法结合,以预测传感相关属性。在此框架中,我们通过扩大BOV分子与黏蛋白衍生受体间相互作用的构象空间采样,将先前数据集MORE-Q扩展为MORE-QX,该数据集提供了大量基于BOV吸附计算的电子结合特征(BFs)。对MORE-QX属性空间的分析显示,构建单元的量子力学属性与生成的BFs之间存在弱相关性。基于此观察,我们将构建单元的电子描述符作为输入,用于树基机器学习模型预测BFs。基准测试表明,CatBoost模型优于其他方法,尤其在未见化合物上的泛化能力突出。可解释人工智能方法进一步揭示了影响BF预测的关键量子力学属性。综上,MORE-ML结合量子力学洞察与机器学习,为BOV传感中的分子受体提供了机制理解与理性设计原则,推动人工感知材料发展,弥合分子级计算与实际电子鼻应用之间的差距。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Digital sensing faces challenges in developing sustainable methods to extend the applicability of customized e-noses to complex body odor volatilome (BOV). To address this challenge, we developed MORE-ML, a computational framework that integrates quantum-mechanical (QM) property data of e-nose molecular building blocks with machine learning (ML) methods to predict sensing-relevant properties. Within this framework, we expanded our previous dataset, MORE-Q, to MORE-QX by sampling a larger conformational space of interactions between BOV molecules and mucin-derived receptors. This dataset provides extensive electronic binding features (BFs) computed upon BOV adsorption. Analysis of MORE-QX property space revealed weak correlations between QM properties of building blocks and resulting BFs. Leveraging this observation, we defined electronic descriptors of building blocks as inputs for tree-based ML models to predict BFs. Benchmarking showed CatBoost models outperform alternatives, especially in transferability to unseen compounds. Explainable AI methods further highlighted which QM properties most influence BF predictions. Collectively, MORE-ML combines QM insights with ML to provide mechanistic understanding and rational design principles for molecular receptors in BOV sensing. This approach establishes a foundation for advancing artificial sensing materials capable of analyzing complex odor mixtures, bridging the gap between molecular-level computations and practical e-nose applications.
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