孩子如何应对机器人连续出错？研究发现他们更易放弃或找大人帮忙。
Calling for Backup: How Children Navigate Successive Robot Communication Failures
- 让孩子连续三次遭遇机器人听不懂对话，观察其反应行为。
- 孩子会调整说话方式，但比成人更易不理机器人或求助成人。
- 孩子对机器人的期待更灵活，出错后也不影响整体评价。
儿童如何应对机器人反复出错？现有研究多关注成人反应，儿童表现仍不明确。本研究通过重复机器人失败范式（Liu等，N=59，8-10岁），考察儿童对社交错误与性能错误的反应。参与者连续三次遭遇机器人无法理解指令，行为通过视频记录并分析。结果发现：与成人相似，儿童会调整表达、改变语调，并出现更强烈的情绪化非语言反应；但儿童表现出更多脱机行为，如暂时忽略机器人或主动寻求成人帮助。出错未影响儿童对机器人的整体感知，表明其对话期望更具弹性。研究为面向儿童的人机交互系统设计提供依据。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
How do children respond to repeated robot errors? While prior research has examined adult reactions to successive robot errors, children's responses remain largely unexplored. In this study, we explore children's reactions to robot social errors and performance errors. For the latter, this study reproduces the successive robot failure paradigm of Liu et al. with child participants (N=59, ages 8-10) to examine how young users respond to repeated robot conversational errors. Participants interacted with a robot that failed to understand their prompts three times in succession, with their behavioral responses video-recorded and analyzed. We found both similarities and differences compared to adult responses from the original study. Like adults, children adjusted their prompts, modified their verbal tone, and exhibited increasingly emotional non-verbal responses throughout successive errors. However, children demonstrated more disengagement behaviors, including temporarily ignoring the robot or actively seeking an adult. Errors did not affect participants' perception of the robot, suggesting more flexible conversational expectations in children. These findings inform the design of more effective and developmentally appropriate human-robot interaction systems for young users.
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