arXiv:2601.01155cs.RO2026-01被引 2

让机器人团队在未知环境中边走边探,自动协作找路。

ORION: Option-Regularized Deep Reinforcement Learning for Cooperative Multi-Agent Online Navigation

  • 用图网络融合先验地图与实时感知,生成稳定状态表示。
  • 通过选项机制实现自主切换导航与探索模式,降低任务总时长。
  • 支持10台机器人实时协作,已在真实机器人上验证效果。

现有多智能体导航方法通常假设环境完全已知,难以应对仓库或工厂中地图过时或不完整的情况。在此类部分已知环境中,智能体需在路径最优性与收集共享环境信息之间取得平衡,以帮助同伴抵达目标。为此,我们提出ORION,一种新型深度强化学习框架,用于部分已知环境下的合作式多智能体在线导航。从不完整的先验地图出发,ORION训练智能体做出去中心化决策,协调各自目标,并通过在线观测共享,在闭环感知-行动循环中主动减少与任务相关的信息不确定性。我们首先设计了一个共享图编码器,将先验地图与在线感知融合为统一表征,增强了在环境差异下的状态嵌入鲁棒性。核心是选项-批评者(option-critic)框架,学习高层协作模式并转化为低层动作序列,实现个体导航与团队探索之间的自适应切换。进一步引入双阶段协作策略,使智能体在地图不确定性下仍能协助同伴,从而降低整体完成时间。在大量迷宫状地图和大规模仓库环境中,ORION实现了高质量的实时去中心化协作,可扩展至10台机器人,优于最先进的经典与学习基方法。最后,我们在物理机器人团队上验证了ORION,证明其在现实场景中的鲁棒性与实用性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Existing methods for multi-agent navigation typically assume fully known environments, offering limited support for partially known scenarios with outdated or imperfect prior maps, such as warehouses or factory floors. There, agents need to balance path optimality with collecting and sharing environmental information to help teammates reach their own targets. To these ends, we propose ORION, a novel deep reinforcement learning framework for cooperative multi-agent online navigation in partially known environments. Starting from an imperfect prior map, ORION trains agents to make decentralized decisions, coordinate toward individual targets, and actively reduce task-relevant map uncertainty through online observation sharing in a closed perception-action loop. We first design a shared graph encoder that fuses prior map with online perception into a unified representation, providing robust state embeddings under environmental discrepancies. At the core of ORION is an option-critic framework that learns high-level cooperative modes translated into sequences of low-level actions, enabling adaptive switching between individual navigation and team-level exploration. We further introduce a dual-stage cooperation strategy that allows agents to assist teammates under map uncertainty, thereby reducing the overall makespan. Across extensive maze-like maps and large-scale warehouse environments, ORION achieves high-quality real-time decentralized cooperation while scaling to up to 10 robots, outperforming state-of-the-art classical and learning-based baselines. Finally, we validate ORION on physical robot teams, demonstrating its robustness and practicality for real-world cooperative navigation.

多智能体强化学习在线导航协作

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。