通过协商框架，让电动车用户灵活充电，双方省钱。
CONSENT: A Negotiation Framework for Leveraging User Flexibility in Vehicle-to-Building Charging under Uncertainty
- 设计协商机制，让用户自愿参与灵活充电
- 建筑方成本降3.5%，用户电费低22%
- 适合关注能源与交通协同的从业者
电动汽车（EV）增长带来车-建筑（V2B）场景中的矛盾：建筑运营商因无序充电面临高能耗成本，而驾驶员则追求便利和满电。为解决此问题，我们提出一种基于协商的框架，确保参与自愿、策略抗性及预算可行。该框架将充电转化为战略性资源，向用户提供的激励选项允许其在离场时间或充电量上适度灵活。框架基于用户调查数据校准，并使用商业建筑和电动车制造商的真实运营数据验证。仿真显示，该协商协议实现双赢：相较于优化但不协商的智能充电策略，建筑方成本降低超过3.5%；同时，用户充电支出比电网零售电价低22%。通过对齐运营方与用户目标，该框架为能源与交通系统间建立战略桥梁，使电动汽车充电从运营摩擦源转变为协作与共益平台。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The growth of Electric Vehicles (EVs) creates a conflict in vehicle-to-building (V2B) settings between building operators, who face high energy costs from uncoordinated charging, and drivers, who prioritize convenience and a full charge. To resolve this, we propose a negotiation-based framework that, by design, guarantees voluntary participation, strategy-proofness, and budget feasibility. It transforms EV charging into a strategic resource by offering drivers a range of incentive-backed options for modest flexibility in their departure time or requested state of charge (SoC). Our framework is calibrated with user survey data and validated using real operational data from a commercial building and an EV manufacturer. Simulations show that our negotiation protocol creates a mutually beneficial outcome: lowering the building operator's costs by over 3.5\% compared to an optimized, non-negotiating smart charging policy, while simultaneously reducing user charging expenses by 22\% below the utility's retail energy rate. By aligning operator and EV user objectives, our framework provides a strategic bridge between energy and mobility systems, transforming EV charging from a source of operational friction into a platform for collaboration and shared savings.
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