解决轨迹长度不一导致的生成模型不稳定问题,提升真实轨迹分布匹配效果。
Length-Aware Adversarial Training for Variable-Length Trajectories: Digital Twins for Mall Shopper Paths
- 按轨迹长度分桶采样,减少批量内长度差异,使训练更稳定。
- 在多商场购物轨迹数据上,衍生变量分布匹配精度显著提升。
- 适合需要精准模拟用户行为路径的零售与交通场景建模者。
我们研究可变长度轨迹的生成建模——即包含访问位置/商品及时间戳的序列,用于下游仿真与反事实分析。一个常见问题是,当轨迹长度高度异质时,标准小批量训练易不收敛,进而损害轨迹派生统计量的分布匹配。为此,我们提出长度感知采样(LAS),一种简单批处理策略:按轨迹长度分组,从单一长度桶中采样,降低批量内长度异质性(提升更新一致性),且无需改变模型结构。将LAS集成至带有辅助时间对齐损失的条件轨迹生成对抗网络,提供(i)在弱有界假设下派生变量的分布级保证,以及(ii)通过IPM/Wasserstein机制解释:LAS通过消除仅依赖长度的捷径判别器,聚焦于桶内差异,从而改善分布匹配。实验证明,LAS在多商场购物轨迹数据集及多样化公开序列数据集(GPS、教育、电商、电影)上,均持续提升衍生变量分布匹配效果,优于随机采样,在各数据集特定指标上表现更优。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We study generative modeling of \emph{variable-length trajectories} -- sequences of visited locations/items with associated timestamps -- for downstream simulation and counterfactual analysis. A recurring practical issue is that standard mini-batch training can be unstable when trajectory lengths are highly heterogeneous, which in turn degrades \emph{distribution matching} for trajectory-derived statistics. We propose \textbf{length-aware sampling (LAS)}, a simple batching strategy that groups trajectories by length and samples batches from a single length bucket, reducing within-batch length heterogeneity (and making updates more consistent) without changing the model class. We integrate LAS into a conditional trajectory GAN with auxiliary time-alignment losses and provide (i) a distribution-level guarantee for derived variables under mild boundedness assumptions, and (ii) an IPM/Wasserstein mechanism explaining why LAS improves distribution matching by removing length-only shortcut critics and targeting within-bucket discrepancies. Empirically, LAS consistently improves matching of derived-variable distributions on a multi-mall dataset of shopper trajectories and on diverse public sequence datasets (GPS, education, e-commerce, and movies), outperforming random sampling across dataset-specific metrics.
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