arXiv:2601.03490cs.CVcs.AI2026-01被引 5

用不确定性地图指导遥感图像分割,提升复杂场景下的定位精度。

CroBIM-U: Uncertainty-Driven Referring Remote Sensing Image Segmentation

  • 基于像素级指代不确定性图,动态调节语言信息注入强度。
  • 在高不确定区域增强约束,在低不确定区域抑制噪声。
  • 无需修改主干网络,适配性强,适合遥感图像精确定位任务。

指代式遥感图像分割旨在复杂航拍图像中定位由自然语言描述的目标。然而,由于极端尺度变化、密集相似干扰物和复杂边界结构,跨模态对齐的可靠性呈现显著的空间非均匀性。现有方法通常对全图采用统一融合与优化策略,常在视觉清晰区域引入不必要的语言干扰,却无法在混淆区域提供充分消歧。为此,我们提出一种不确定性引导框架,显式利用像素级指代不确定性图作为空间先验以实现自适应推理。具体地,引入可即插即用的指代不确定性评分器(RUS),通过在线误差一致性监督训练,可解释性地预测指代模糊性的空间分布。在此先验基础上,设计两个可即插即用模块:1)不确定性门控融合(UGF),动态调制语言注入强度,增强高不确定性区域的约束,抑制低不确定性区域的噪声;2)不确定性驱动局部精修(UDLR),利用不确定性生成的软掩码,聚焦于易错边界与细粒度细节的优化。大量实验表明,该方法作为统一的即插即用方案,显著提升了复杂遥感场景下的鲁棒性与几何保真度,且无需改变主干架构。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Referring remote sensing image segmentation aims to localize specific targets described by natural language within complex overhead imagery. However, due to extreme scale variations, dense similar distractors, and intricate boundary structures, the reliability of cross-modal alignment exhibits significant \textbf{spatial non-uniformity}. Existing methods typically employ uniform fusion and refinement strategies across the entire image, which often introduces unnecessary linguistic perturbations in visually clear regions while failing to provide sufficient disambiguation in confused areas. To address this, we propose an \textbf{uncertainty-guided framework} that explicitly leverages a pixel-wise \textbf{referring uncertainty map} as a spatial prior to orchestrate adaptive inference. Specifically, we introduce a plug-and-play \textbf{Referring Uncertainty Scorer (RUS)}, which is trained via an online error-consistency supervision strategy to interpretably predict the spatial distribution of referential ambiguity. Building on this prior, we design two plug-and-play modules: 1) \textbf{Uncertainty-Gated Fusion (UGF)}, which dynamically modulates language injection strength to enhance constraints in high-uncertainty regions while suppressing noise in low-uncertainty ones; and 2) \textbf{Uncertainty-Driven Local Refinement (UDLR)}, which utilizes uncertainty-derived soft masks to focus refinement on error-prone boundaries and fine details. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method functions as a unified, plug-and-play solution that significantly improves robustness and geometric fidelity in complex remote sensing scenes without altering the backbone architecture.

遥感分割不确定性建模跨模态对齐

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