任何无悔学习算法在竞拍中都可保持战略稳健性。
From No-Regret to Strategically Robust Learning in Repeated Auctions
- 用分位数表示竞拍策略,通过梯度反馈更新
- 无论拍卖形式如何变化,平均收益不超最优拍卖
- 适用于多种竞拍场景,适合机制设计研究者
在贝叶斯单物品拍卖中,单调出价策略可等价表示为分位数空间的连续区间划分。Kumar 等(2024)证明,当使用敏捷在线梯度下降(OGD)通过分位数表示更新单调出价策略时,在重复的一价拍卖中具有战略稳健性:当所有竞标人以这种方式使用敏捷 OGD,拍卖人的每轮平均收入最多等于 Myerson 优化拍卖的收入,无论其如何随时间调整底价。本文进一步表明,这种战略稳健性并非仅限于敏捷 OGD 或一价拍卖:只要拍卖格式满足分配单调性和自愿参与性,任何无悔学习算法,只要基于分位数表示接收梯度反馈,均具备战略稳健性,即使拍卖形式每轮变化。特别地,乘法权重更新(MWU)算法在此设定下同时实现最优后悔率和强战略稳健性。技术上,我们的结果通过建立 Myerson 拍卖理论与标准无悔学习理论之间的简洁联系得出。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In Bayesian single-item auctions, a monotone bidding strategy--one that prescribes a higher bid for a higher value type--can be equivalently represented as a partition of the quantile space into consecutive intervals corresponding to increasing bids. Kumar et al. (2024) prove that agile online gradient descent (OGD), when used to update a monotone bidding strategy through its quantile representation, is strategically robust in repeated first-price auctions: when all bidders employ agile OGD in this way, the auctioneer's average revenue per round is at most the revenue of Myerson's optimal auction, regardless of how she adjusts the reserve price over time. In this work, we show that this strategic robustness guarantee is not unique to agile OGD or to the first-price auction: any no-regret learning algorithm, when fed gradient feedback with respect to the quantile representation, is strategically robust, even if the auction format changes every round, provided the format satisfies allocation monotonicity and voluntary participation. In particular, the multiplicative weights update (MWU) algorithm simultaneously achieves the optimal regret guarantee and a strong strategic robustness guarantee in this auction setting. At a technical level, our results are established via a simple relation that bridges Myerson's auction theory and standard no-regret learning theory.
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