arXiv:2601.03910math.RTcs.AI2026-01

提出线性GENEO在异构数据间的代数表征,增强模型对称性与可解释性。

An Algebraic Representation Theorem for Linear GENEOs in Geometric Machine Learning

  • 基于广义T-置换测度构建异构数据间线性GENEO的完整表征
  • 证明线性GENEO空间具有紧致性与凸性,理论基础更坚实
  • 应用于自编码器提升性能,适合研究对称性建模的学者

几何与拓扑深度学习正快速发展,通过引入几何与拓扑结构提升机器学习能力。其中,群等变非扩张算子(GENEOs)作为编码对称性的强大工具,在设计参数少、可解释性强的神经网络架构中发挥关键作用。尽管此前已有针对同类型数据的线性GENEO表示定理,但实际应用常涉及异构数据空间。本文通过引入广义T-置换测度,建立了线性GENEO在不同感知对之间作用的全新表示定理。在温和假设下,该结果实现了此类算子的完全刻画。我们还证明了线性GENEO空间的紧致性与凸性。进一步通过在自编码器中应用该框架,验证了其实际效能,凸显了GENEO在现代机器学习中的重要价值。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Geometric and Topological Deep Learning are rapidly growing research areas that enhance machine learning through the use of geometric and topological structures. Within this framework, Group Equivariant Non-Expansive Operators (GENEOs) have emerged as a powerful class of operators for encoding symmetries and designing efficient, interpretable neural architectures. Originally introduced in Topological Data Analysis, GENEOs have since found applications in Deep Learning as tools for constructing equivariant models with reduced parameter complexity. GENEOs provide a unifying framework bridging Geometric and Topological Deep Learning and include the operator computing persistence diagrams as a special case. Their theoretical foundations rely on group actions, equivariance, and compactness properties of operator spaces, grounding them in algebra and geometry while enabling both mathematical rigor and practical relevance. While a previous representation theorem characterized linear GENEOs acting on data of the same type, many real-world applications require operators between heterogeneous data spaces. In this work, we address this limitation by introducing a new representation theorem for linear GENEOs acting between different perception pairs, based on generalized T-permutant measures. Under mild assumptions on the data domains and group actions, our result provides a complete characterization of such operators. We also prove the compactness and convexity of the space of linear GENEOs. We further demonstrate the practical impact of this theory by applying the proposed framework to improve the performance of autoencoders, highlighting the relevance of GENEOs in modern machine learning applications.

对称性建模几何深度学习算子理论可解释性

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