提出新方法在多个隐藏稠密子矩阵中准确识别最稠密的,且可证明在多项式时间内求解。
Provably Finding a Hidden Dense Submatrix among Many Planted Dense Submatrices via Convex Programming
- 基于凸优化构造新算法,适用于含多个稠密子矩阵的复杂网络场景。
- 理论证明在随机模型下可实现完美恢复,条件比单子矩阵更宽松。
- 适用于真实社交与合作网络分析,对算法设计者和数据科学家有参考价值。
我们研究稠密子矩阵问题,即从给定的二值矩阵中寻找固定大小、包含最多非零元素的子矩阵。该问题自然推广了组合优化中的经典问题,如稠密子图、最大团和最大边双分图问题,并广泛应用于复杂网络研究。近年来大量工作聚焦于通过凸松弛实现稠密子矩阵问题的精确求解,但大多数结果仅针对含有一个被噪声掩盖的大型稠密子矩阵的场景。而真实网络往往包含多个大小各异的稠密子矩阵。本文将这些结果推广到更现实的设定:输入矩阵可能包含多个大型稠密子矩阵。具体地,我们建立了在多项式时间内求解该问题的充分条件,输入矩阵来自广义随机块模型的随机采样。此外,还提供了在确定性对抗模型下的完美恢复条件。通过随机生成实例及真实世界协作与通信网络的数值实验,验证了理论预测的完美恢复相变边界。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We consider the densest submatrix problem, which seeks the submatrix of fixed size of a given binary matrix that contains the most nonzero entries. This problem is a natural generalization of fundamental problems in combinatorial optimization, e.g., the densest subgraph, maximum clique, and maximum edge biclique problems, and has wide application the study of complex networks. Much recent research has focused on the development of sufficient conditions for exact solution of the densest submatrix problem via convex relaxation. The vast majority of these sufficient conditions establish identification of the densest submatrix within a graph containing exactly one large dense submatrix hidden by noise. The assumptions of these underlying models are not observed in real-world networks, where the data may correspond to a matrix containing many dense submatrices of varying sizes. We extend and generalize these results to the more realistic setting where the input matrix may contain \emph{many} large dense subgraphs. Specifically, we establish sufficient conditions under which we can expect to solve the densest submatrix problem in polynomial time for random input matrices sampled from a generalization of the stochastic block model. Moreover, we also provide sufficient conditions for perfect recovery under a deterministic adversarial. Numerical experiments involving randomly generated problem instances and real-world collaboration and communication networks are used empirically to verify the theoretical phase-transitions to perfect recovery given by these sufficient conditions.
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