arXiv:2601.03997cs.CL2026-01

从自由文本会议纪要中提取投票信息,解决跨地区泛化难题。

VotIE: Information Extraction from Meeting Minutes

  • 提出新任务VotIE,从非结构化文本中识别投票事件。
  • XLM-R-CRF在本地区域达93.2%宏F1,优于生成式模型。
  • 小样本LLM更适应跨地区部署,但计算成本高,轻量编码器更实用。

市政会议纪要记录地方民主决策的关键内容。与具有标准化格式的议会程序不同,这些纪要以高度异构、自由形式的叙述性文本记录投票结果,且在不同城市间差异显著,给自动化信息抽取带来挑战。本文提出VotIE(投票信息抽取)这一新任务,旨在从叙述性议事记录中识别结构化投票事件,并基于最近发布的CitiLink语料库,构建首个该任务基准数据集。实验发现:在标准本地区域评估下,微调的编码器模型(尤其是XLM-R-CRF)表现最佳,达到93.2%宏F1,优于生成式方法;而在跨城市场景下,传统模型性能大幅下降,而少样本大语言模型展现出更强鲁棒性,性能下降更小。尽管如此,生成式模型的高计算开销限制了其实际应用。因此,轻量级微调编码器仍是大规模现实部署的更优选择。为支持行政领域NLP可复现研究,我们公开发布基准数据、训练模型与评估框架。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Municipal meeting minutes record key decisions in local democratic processes. Unlike parliamentary proceedings, which typically adhere to standardized formats, they encode voting outcomes in highly heterogeneous, free-form narrative text that varies widely across municipalities, posing significant challenges for automated extraction. In this paper, we introduce VotIE (Voting Information Extraction), a new information extraction task aimed at identifying structured voting events in narrative deliberative records, and establish the first benchmark for this task using Portuguese municipal minutes, building on the recently introduced CitiLink corpus. Our experiments yield two key findings. First, under standard in-domain evaluation, fine-tuned encoders, specifically XLM-R-CRF, achieve the strongest performance, reaching 93.2\% macro F1, outperforming generative approaches. Second, in a cross-municipality setting that evaluates transfer to unseen administrative contexts, these models suffer substantial performance degradation, whereas few-shot LLMs demonstrate greater robustness, with significantly smaller declines in performance. Despite this generalization advantage, the high computational cost of generative models currently constrains their practicality. As a result, lightweight fine-tuned encoders remain a more practical option for large-scale, real-world deployment. To support reproducible research in administrative NLP, we publicly release our benchmark, trained models, and evaluation framework.

信息抽取多语言NLP政务文本少样本学习

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