arXiv:2601.04542cs.LGcs.DC2026-01被引 2

针对多区域协同感知的实时性与资源冲突,提出动态调度算法提升感知精度。

Timeliness-Oriented Scheduling and Resource Allocation in Multi-Region Collaborative Perception

  • 基于时延敏感度设计优先级调度策略,平衡信息时效与通信开销。
  • 在真实数据集上实现最高27%的平均精度提升,优于现有基线方法。
  • 适合自动驾驶、智慧城市等对实时协同感知有高要求的场景。

协同感知(CP)是自动驾驶和智慧城市等应用中的关键技术,通过传感器间信息共享与融合,克服个体感知的盲区与范围限制。然而,CP面临两大挑战:一是环境动态变化导致信息时效性至关重要,二是传感器计算能力有限且无线带宽受限,需合理控制通信量以保证特征表示的有效性与充分性。本文研究多区域协同感知中的动态调度问题,提出一种面向时效性的多区域优先调度(TAMP)算法,权衡感知精度与通信资源使用。时效性体现为信息价值随时间衰减,反映在协同感知任务中的性能表现。我们设计了一种经验性惩罚函数,将信息年龄(AoI)与通信量对感知性能的联合影响进行建模。为最小化长期平均该惩罚值,并考虑到调度决策对后续系统状态的累积影响,提出基于李雅普诺夫优化的TAMP算法,将其转化为每时隙的优先级分配问题,实现调度价值与资源成本的平衡。在真实世界道路协同感知(RCooper)数据集的交叉口与走廊场景中进行了验证。大量仿真表明,TAMP优于最佳基线方法,在多种配置下平均精度(AP)最高提升27%。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Collaborative perception (CP) is a critical technology in applications like autonomous driving and smart cities. It involves the sharing and fusion of information among sensors to overcome the limitations of individual perception, such as blind spots and range limitations. However, CP faces two primary challenges. First, due to the dynamic nature of the environment, the timeliness of the transmitted information is critical to perception performance. Second, with limited computational power at the sensors and constrained wireless bandwidth, the communication volume must be carefully designed to ensure feature representations are both effective and sufficient. This work studies the dynamic scheduling problem in a multi-region CP scenario, and presents a Timeliness-Aware Multi-region Prioritized (TAMP) scheduling algorithm to trade-off perception accuracy and communication resource usage. Timeliness reflects the utility of information that decays as time elapses, which is manifested by the perception performance in CP tasks. We propose an empirical penalty function that maps the joint impact of Age of Information (AoI) and communication volume to perception performance. Aiming to minimize this timeliness-oriented penalty in the long-term, and recognizing that scheduling decisions have a cumulative effect on subsequent system states, we propose the TAMP scheduling algorithm. TAMP is a Lyapunov-based optimization policy that decomposes the long-term average objective into a per-slot prioritization problem, balancing the scheduling worth against resource cost. We validate our algorithm in both intersection and corridor scenarios with the real-world Roadside Cooperative perception (RCooper) dataset. Extensive simulations demonstrate that TAMP outperforms the best-performing baseline, achieving an Average Precision (AP) improvement of up to 27% across various configurations.

协同感知调度算法实时性自动驾驶

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