arXiv:2601.05171cs.CL2026-01

用可演化树结构管理用户长期记忆,提升对话一致性与响应效率。

Inside Out: Evolving User-Centric Core Memory Trees for Long-Term Personalized Dialogue Systems

  • 构建全局维护的PersonaTree,通过分支更新实现可控记忆压缩。
  • 轻量级MemListener在强化学习下生成高效操作指令,效果媲美大模型。
  • 支持低延迟响应与按需展开细节,适合长期个性化对话场景。

现有长期个性化对话系统难以平衡无限交互流与有限上下文约束,常出现记忆噪声累积、推理退化和人格不一致问题。本文提出Inside Out框架,采用全局维护的PersonaTree作为长期用户画像载体,通过初始架构约束主干,并动态更新分支与叶子节点,实现可控增长,在压缩记忆的同时保持一致性。我们训练一个轻量级MemListener,基于过程奖励的强化学习生成结构化、可执行、可解释的{ADD, UPDATE, DELETE, NO_OP}操作,支持个性化树的动态演进。生成回复时直接利用PersonaTree提升输出,低延迟场景下表现优异;当用户需要更多细节时,触发代理模式,在PersonaTree约束下按需引入信息。实验表明,PersonaTree在抑制上下文噪声和维持人格一致性方面优于全文拼接及多种个性化记忆系统。值得注意的是,小型MemListener模型在记忆操作决策上表现媲美甚至超越DeepSeek-R1-0528和Gemini-3-Pro等强大推理模型。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Existing long-term personalized dialogue systems struggle to reconcile unbounded interaction streams with finite context constraints, often succumbing to memory noise accumulation, reasoning degradation, and persona inconsistency. To address these challenges, this paper proposes Inside Out, a framework that utilizes a globally maintained PersonaTree as the carrier of long-term user profiling. By constraining the trunk with an initial schema and updating the branches and leaves, PersonaTree enables controllable growth, achieving memory compression while preserving consistency. Moreover, we train a lightweight MemListener via reinforcement learning with process-based rewards to produce structured, executable, and interpretable {ADD, UPDATE, DELETE, NO_OP} operations, thereby supporting the dynamic evolution of the personalized tree. During response generation, PersonaTree is directly leveraged to enhance outputs in latency-sensitive scenarios; when users require more details, the agentic mode is triggered to introduce details on-demand under the constraints of the PersonaTree. Experiments show that PersonaTree outperforms full-text concatenation and various personalized memory systems in suppressing contextual noise and maintaining persona consistency. Notably, the small MemListener model achieves memory-operation decision performance comparable to, or even surpassing, powerful reasoning models such as DeepSeek-R1-0528 and Gemini-3-Pro.

对话系统记忆管理个性化树结构

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