探讨AI生成的司法证据能否被法庭采纳,揭示其可靠性与法律适格性问题。
Reliability and Admissibility of AI-Generated Forensic Evidence in Criminal Trials
- 对比普通法系国家法律标准,评估AI证据的可采性
- 发现AI工具提升证据分析规模但存在可复现性缺陷
- 适合关注AI司法应用、法律政策制定者阅读
本文研究人工智能生成的法证证据在刑事审判中的可采性。尽管AI在提升调查效率方面展现出潜力,但其在司法程序中的法律边界仍缺乏深入理解。现有文献未系统评估AI输出的证据价值。本研究通过比较普通法系国家的证据标准,评估AI生成证据是否满足可靠性要求。初步结果显示,AI法证工具能扩大证据分析范围,但因可复现性不足,法院接受度不一,主要受技术素养有限和缺乏标准化验证流程影响。责任归属方面,开发者与调查人员可能需对错误输出负责,引发误判风险。论文强调需独立验证及建立AI专用可采性标准,为负责任地将AI融入刑事司法体系提供依据。研究助力实现可持续发展目标16,促进司法公平。初步成果为未来实证研究奠定基础。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This paper examines the admissibility of AI-generated forensic evidence in criminal trials. The growing adoption of AI presents promising results for investigative efficiency. Despite advancements, significant research gaps persist in practically understanding the legal limits of AI evidence in judicial processes. Existing literature lacks focused assessment of the evidentiary value of AI outputs. The objective of this study is to evaluate whether AI-generated evidence satisfies established legal standards of reliability. The methodology involves a comparative doctrinal legal analysis of evidentiary standards across common law jurisdictions. Preliminary results indicate that AI forensic tools can enhance scale of evidence analysis. However, challenges arise from reproducibility deficits. Courts exhibit variability in acceptance of AI evidence due to limited technical literacy and lack of standardized validation protocols. Liability implications reveal that developers and investigators may bear accountability for flawed outputs. This raises critical concerns related to wrongful conviction. The paper emphasizes the necessity of independent validation and, development of AI-specific admissibility criteria. Findings inform policy development for the responsible AI integration within criminal justice systems. The research advances the objectives of Sustainable Development Goal 16 by reinforcing equitable access to justice. Preliminary results contribute for a foundation for future empirical research in AI deployed criminal forensics.
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