医疗AI需平衡患者获益与产业利益，避免研究脱节临床。
The Patient/Industry Trade-off in Medical Artificial Intelligence
- 强调临床相关指标、真实世界试验和医患参与，提升AI落地可行性。
- 指出当前研究普遍缺乏长期验证和临床试验，影响实际应用。
- 适合关注医疗AI落地、政策制定及产学研合作的研究者参考。
医疗人工智能（AI）虽取得诸多进展，但日益依赖私营部门资助，可能引发患者利益与产业利益之间的权衡。为使AI真正惠及患者，健康AI研究应优先考虑在临床实践中的有效转化，而这通常需要与产业合作。我们从研究人员和临床医生视角，指出三项阻碍AI融入临床的特征：缺乏临床相关指标、缺乏临床试验与纵向研究验证结果、以及患者和医生在开发过程中的缺位。为实现可持续的医企合作，必须在患者与产业收益间建立平衡。我们提出三项应对策略：提升AI模型的透明性与可解释性，选择以患者利益为核心的产业合作伙伴，以及优先考虑整体医疗效益。通过这些举措，可加速实现被临床医生实际使用的有意义的AI技术。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare has led to many promising developments; however, increasingly, AI research is funded by the private sector leading to potential trade-offs between benefits to patients and benefits to industry. Health AI practitioners should prioritize successful adaptation into clinical practice in order to provide meaningful benefits to patients, but translation usually requires collaboration with industry. We discuss three features of AI studies that hamper the integration of AI into clinical practice from the perspective of researchers and clinicians. These include lack of clinically relevant metrics, lack of clinical trials and longitudinal studies to validate results, and lack of patient and physician involvement in the development process. For partnerships between industry and health research to be sustainable, a balance must be established between patient and industry benefit. We propose three approaches for addressing this gap: improved transparency and explainability of AI models, fostering relationships with industry partners that have a reputation for centering patient benefit in their practices, and prioritization of overall healthcare benefits. With these priorities, we can sooner realize meaningful AI technologies used by clinicians where mutua
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