用优化模型提升残障学生教室分配，兼顾效率与无障碍
Otimizando A Alocação De Salas De Aula Com Foco Na Acessibilidade Para Pessoas Com Deficiência
- 构建整数规划模型，优先将残障学生安排在低层教室
- 调节权重参数可减少教室使用量并降低通行障碍
- 适合高校教务管理与无障碍设计研究者参考
本文针对高等教育机构的教室分配难题，聚焦残障人士（PwDs）的无障碍需求。以某大学计算机科学系为案例，提出基于整数线性规划（ILP）的优化模型，采用Gurobi求解器求解。目标是通过优先将残障学生分配至低层教室来最小化教室使用数量，从而降低通行障碍。模型引入权重参数alpha，用于平衡空间利用效率与无障碍程度。实验表明，调整alpha值可找到关键平衡点，显著优于现有手动分配方式，有效减少所需教室数量及无障碍代价。结果表明，优化方法可在提升高校运营效率的同时，推动更具包容性的校园环境建设。未来工作可将模型扩展至其他院系，并融入更多评估维度，实现更全面的分配策略。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This paper addresses the challenge of classroom allocation in higher education institutions, with an explicit emphasis on accessibility for Persons with Disabilities (PwDs). Employing a case study of a university's computer science department, the paper proposes an Integer Linear Programming (ILP)-based optimization model, which is solved using the Gurobi solver. The objective is to minimize the number of classrooms used by prioritizing the assignment of PwD students to ground-floor classrooms to reduce accessibility barriers. The model is calibrated with a weighting parameter, alpha, that allows for a balance between spatial efficiency and promoting accessibility. Experimental results indicate that adjusting alpha can achieve a balance point that significantly improves current manual allocation practices, reducing the number of classrooms required and accessibility penalties. The findings suggest that optimization methods can improve operational efficiency in academic institutions while promoting a more inclusive environment for all students. Future work may expand the application of the model to other departments and contexts and integrate additional criteria to develop a more holistic approach.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品；中文卡片由大模型生成，请以原文为准。