arXiv:2601.06794cs.AI2026-01ACL被引 6

让批评者与智能体同步进化,解决反馈过时问题。

No More Stale Feedback: Co-Evolving Critics for Open-World Agent Learning

  • 设计协同进化框架,让批评者与策略模型动态同步优化。
  • 在开放世界任务中,长周期成功率提升23.6%,训练更稳定。
  • 适合需要持续学习的复杂交互系统研究者。

批判引导的强化学习已成为通过自然语言反馈增强稀疏奖励来训练大语言模型智能体的重要范式。然而,现有方法多依赖静态或离线批评者模型,无法随策略演化而调整。在在线策略强化学习中,智能体的错误模式随时间变化,导致固定批评者逐渐失效,反馈价值下降。为此,我们提出ECHO(Evolving Critic for Hindsight-Guided Optimization),一种通过同步协同进化循环联合优化策略与批评者的框架。ECHO采用级联回放机制,由批评者对初始轨迹生成多重诊断,随后通过策略精炼实现分组结构的优势估计。针对学习停滞问题,引入饱和感知的增益调节目标,奖励批评者在高性能轨迹中推动渐进改进。通过双轨GRPO更新,确保批评者反馈始终与演化中的策略保持同步。实验表明,ECHO在开放世界环境中实现了更稳定的训练过程,并显著提升长周期任务成功率(平均提升23.6%)。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Critique-guided reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for training LLM agents by augmenting sparse outcome rewards with natural-language feedback. However, current methods often rely on static or offline critic models, which fail to adapt as the policy evolves. In on-policy RL, the agent's error patterns shift over time, causing stationary critics to become stale and providing feedback of diminishing utility. To address this, we introduce ECHO (Evolving Critic for Hindsight-Guided Optimization)}, a framework that jointly optimizes the policy and critic through a synchronized co-evolutionary loop. ECHO utilizes a cascaded rollout mechanism where the critic generates multiple diagnoses for an initial trajectory, followed by policy refinement to enable group-structured advantage estimation. We address the challenge of learning plateaus via a saturation-aware gain shaping objective, which rewards the critic for inducing incremental improvements in high-performing trajectories. By employing dual-track GRPO updates, ECHO ensures the critic's feedback stays synchronized with the evolving policy. Experimental results show that ECHO yields more stable training and higher long-horizon task success across open-world environments.

强化学习智能体协同反馈优化大模型

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。