arXiv:2601.06799cs.CLcs.AI2026-01ACL被引 1

CIRAG通过多路径证据整合与自适应粒度生成,提升多跳问答的准确率。

CIRAG: Construction-Integration Retrieval and Adaptive Generation for Multi-hop Question Answering

  • 构建多路径候选三元组并条件融合,避免单一路径错误传播
  • 支持从三元组到段落的渐进式上下文扩展,精准匹配问题需求
  • 轻量化蒸馏策略让模型高效完成长链推理,适合复杂问答场景

基于三元组的迭代检索增强生成(iRAG)缓解了文档级噪声对多跳问答的影响。然而现有方法仍存在两大局限:(i) 贪心单路径扩展导致早期错误传播,无法捕捉不同推理分支的并行证据;(ii) 粒度-需求不匹配,单一证据表示难以兼顾噪声控制与上下文充分性。本文提出构造-整合检索与自适应生成模型 CIRAG。其引入迭代构造-整合模块,构造候选三元组并历史条件融合,提炼核心三元组并生成下一轮查询,通过保留多条合理证据链避免贪心陷阱。此外,提出自适应级联多粒度生成模块,根据问题需求逐步扩展上下文证据,从三元组到支持句再到完整段落。同时引入轨迹蒸馏,将教师模型的整合策略迁移到轻量学生模型中,实现高效可靠的长程推理。大量实验表明,CIRAG在性能上优于现有iRAG方法。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Triple-based Iterative Retrieval-Augmented Generation (iRAG) mitigates document-level noise for multi-hop question answering. However, existing methods still face limitations: (i) greedy single-path expansion, which propagates early errors and fails to capture parallel evidence from different reasoning branches, and (ii) granularity-demand mismatch, where a single evidence representation struggles to balance noise control with contextual sufficiency. In this paper, we propose the Construction-Integration Retrieval and Adaptive Generation model, CIRAG. It introduces an Iterative Construction-Integration module that constructs candidate triples and history-conditionally integrates them to distill core triples and generate the next-hop query. This module mitigates the greedy trap by preserving multiple plausible evidence chains. Besides, we propose an Adaptive Cascaded Multi-Granularity Generation module that progressively expands contextual evidence based on the problem requirements, from triples to supporting sentences and full passages. Moreover, we introduce Trajectory Distillation, which distills the teacher model's integration policy into a lightweight student, enabling efficient and reliable long-horizon reasoning. Extensive experiments demonstrate that CIRAG achieves superior performance compared to existing iRAG methods.

多跳问答检索增强自适应生成轨迹蒸馏

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