arXiv:2601.07342cs.AI2026-01

用大模型自动诊断电信与数据中心故障根源,无需硬编码规则。

Agentic Diagnostic Reasoning over Telecom and Datacenter Infrastructure

  • 大模型通过工具调用逐步排查,自主探索基础设施依赖关系。
  • 可准确定位故障影响范围,支持复杂系统根因分析。
  • 适合运维团队快速响应故障,也适用于变更前风险预判。

大规模电信和数据中心基础设施依赖多层服务与资源模型,故障在物理与逻辑组件间传播并影响多个客户。传统根因分析(RCA)依赖硬编码图遍历算法或基于规则的关联引擎,维护成本高且与架构紧密耦合。本文提出一种代理式诊断框架,利用大语言模型(LLM)通过模型上下文协议(MCP)暴露的受限工具空间进行分步调查。代理不内嵌因果逻辑或遍历算法,而是自主调用服务查询、依赖关系获取、结构化/非结构化数据访问及事件分析等工具,完成影响发现。我们定义了调查协议,规范推理流程,确保结果可追溯、可复现,并安全处理缺失或模糊信息。本工作为自治故障修复与变更影响缓解奠定基础。未来系统不仅能诊断修复故障,还可预测计划变更对服务与客户的影响,使运维人员在执行维护前即可规避风险。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Large-scale telecom and datacenter infrastructures rely on multi-layered service and resource models, where failures propagate across physical and logical components and affect multiple customers. Traditional approaches to root cause analysis(RCA) rely on hard-coded graph traversal algorithms or rule-based correlation engines, which are costly to maintain and tightly coupled to the infrastructure model. In this work, we introduce an agentic diagnostic framework where a Large Language Model (LLM) performs step-wise investigation using a constrained tool space exposed through the Model Context Protocol (MCP). Instead of embedding causal logic or traversal algorithms into the application, the agent autonomously navigates the infrastructure model by invoking tools for service lookup, dependency retrieval, structured and unstructured data, and event analysis, and impact discovery. We define an investigation protocol that structures the agent's reasoning and ensures grounding, reproducibility, and safe handling of missing or ambiguous information. This work lays the foundation for autonomous incident resolution and change impact mitigation. Future systems will not only diagnose and remediate infrastructure failures, but also predict the impact of planned changes on services and customers, enabling operators to mitigate risks before executing maintenance operations.

故障诊断大模型运维自动化

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