arXiv:2601.08193cs.CV2026-01

统一处理多站点多序列脑MRI图像差异,提升模型泛化能力。

Unified Multi-Site Multi-Sequence Brain MRI Harmonization Enriched by Biomedical Semantic Style

  • 用生物医学语义先验实现序列感知的风格解耦
  • 在4163例T1/T2 MRI上优于现有方法
  • 无需配对数据,适合真实临床多序列场景

整合多站点脑MRI数据可提升深度学习模型训练效果,但设备厂商、扫描参数和成像协议差异带来的非生物学异质性会削弱模型泛化能力。现有回顾性MRI标准化方法通常依赖有限的配对流动受试者数据,或难以有效分离图像风格与解剖结构。此外,多数方法仅支持单序列处理,难以适应临床中常用的多序列采集。为此,本文提出MMH框架,实现多站点多序列脑MRI统一归一化。该框架分两阶段:(1) 基于扩散模型的全局归一化器,通过风格无关梯度条件将图像映射至序列特异性统一域;(2) 针对目标域的微调器,进一步适配已全局对齐的图像。采用三平面注意力BiomedCLIP编码器融合多视角嵌入,显式分离图像风格与解剖结构,且无需配对数据。在4,163例T1和T2加权MRI上的评估显示,MMH在图像特征聚类、体素级比较、组织分割及下游年龄与站点分类任务中均优于当前最优方法。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Aggregating multi-site brain MRI data can enhance deep learning model training, but also introduces non-biological heterogeneity caused by site-specific variations (e.g., differences in scanner vendors, acquisition parameters, and imaging protocols) that can undermine generalizability. Recent retrospective MRI harmonization seeks to reduce such site effects by standardizing image style (e.g., intensity, contrast, noise patterns) while preserving anatomical content. However, existing methods often rely on limited paired traveling-subject data or fail to effectively disentangle style from anatomy. Furthermore, most current approaches address only single-sequence harmonization, restricting their use in real-world settings where multi-sequence MRI is routinely acquired. To this end, we introduce MMH, a unified framework for multi-site multi-sequence brain MRI harmonization that leverages biomedical semantic priors for sequence-aware style alignment. MMH operates in two stages: (1) a diffusion-based global harmonizer that maps MR images to a sequence-specific unified domain using style-agnostic gradient conditioning, and (2) a target-specific fine-tuner that adapts globally aligned images to desired target domains. A tri-planar attention BiomedCLIP encoder aggregates multi-view embeddings to characterize volumetric style information, allowing explicit disentanglement of image styles from anatomy without requiring paired data. Evaluations on 4,163 T1- and T2-weighted MRIs demonstrate MMH's superior harmonization over state-of-the-art methods in image feature clustering, voxel-level comparison, tissue segmentation, and downstream age and site classification.

MRI归一化多序列扩散模型生物医学

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