arXiv:2601.08987cs.CRcs.MM2026-01

只加密点云坐标部分,实现高效视频版权保护。

ABE-VVS: Attribute-Based Encrypted Volumetric Video Streaming

  • 按属性选择性加密点云坐标,降低计算开销。
  • 仅加密X坐标可减半加密时间,解密时间降80%。
  • 支持灵活密钥撤销,适合大规模视频流分发。

本文提出ABE-VVS框架,针对基于点云的体素视频流,采用基于属性的选择性坐标加密,实现轻量级数字版权管理。不加密整帧点云,仅对部分坐标(如X、Y、Z或组合)加密,显著降低计算开销和延迟,同时产生强视觉失真,阻止未经授权观看。实验表明,仅加密X坐标即可有效混淆内容,加密时间减少50%,解密时间减少80%。在CloudLab测试平台部署点云视频流系统,对比三种基于HTTP的属性基加密粒度(ABE-XYZ、ABE-XY、ABE-X)与传统HTTPS/TLS及无安全的HTTP基准。结果表明,ABE方案将服务器端CPU负载降低最多80%,缓存端降低63%,缓存命中率相当;且ABE-XYZ与ABE-XY客户端重缓冲更低,ABE-X实现零重缓冲,接近无安全的HTTP表现。尽管客户端CPU使用略增,但不影响播放质量,且带来密钥撤销简化、无需逐客户端加密、服务器与缓存负载大幅降低等综合优势。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

This work introduces ABE-VVS, a framework that performs attribute based selective coordinate encryption for point cloud based volumetric video streaming, enabling lightweight yet effective digital rights management (DRM). Rather than encrypting entire point cloud frames, our approach encrypts only selected subsets of coordinates ($X, Y, Z$, or combinations), lowering computational overhead and latency while still producing strong visual distortion that prevents meaningful unauthorized viewing. Our experiments show that encrypting only the $X$ coordinates achieves effective obfuscation while reducing encryption and decryption times by up to 50% and 80%, respectively, compared to full-frame encryption. To our knowledge, this is the first work to provide a novel end-to-end evaluation of a DRM-enabled secure point cloud streaming system. We deployed a point cloud video streaming setup on the CloudLab testbed and evaluated three HTTP-based Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE) granularities - ABE-XYZ (encrypting all $X,Y,Z$ coordinates), ABE-XY, and ABE-X against conventional HTTPS/TLS secure streaming as well as an HTTP-only baseline without any security. Our streaming evaluation demonstrates that ABE-based schemes reduce server-side CPU load by up to 80% and cache CPU load by up to 63%, comparable to HTTP-only, while maintaining similar cache hit rates. Moreover, ABE-XYZ and ABE-XY exhibit lower client-side rebuffering than HTTPS, and ABE-X achieves zero rebuffering comparable to HTTP-only. Although ABE-VVS increases client-side CPU usage, the overhead is not large enough to affect streaming quality and is offset by its broader benefits, including simplified key revocation, elimination of per-client encryption, and reduced server and cache load.

点云视频加密流版权保护属性加密

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