轻量级网络在噪声下精准诊断轴承故障,兼顾速度与鲁棒性。
LSR-Net: A Lightweight and Strong Robustness Network for Bearing Fault Diagnosis in Noise Environment
- 设计去噪增强模块,动态适应强噪声环境。
- 模型参数少、计算量低,仍保持高诊断准确率。
- 适合工业现场实时故障监测,尤其噪声干扰严重场景。
旋转轴承在现代工业中至关重要,但因高速、重载及恶劣工况易发生故障。若诊断延迟,可能导致重大经济损失甚至人员伤亡。由于振动传感器信号易受环境噪声干扰,因此在噪声环境下实现精准故障诊断尤为关键。本文提出一种轻量级强鲁棒性网络(LSR-Net),可在噪声环境中实现高精度实时诊断。首先,设计去噪与特征增强模块(DFEM),通过卷积去噪块(CD)处理特征图,并引入非线性映射生成三通道2D矩阵;针对强噪声场景,采用自适应剪枝优化去噪能力。其次,为降低模型复杂度,提出基于组卷积(GConv)、组点卷积(GPConv)和通道拆分的高效混洗块(CES),兼顾低参数量与性能。同时,引入注意力机制与通道混洗,平衡精度与计算开销。在振动信号数据集上测试表明,相比基准模型,该方法具备最优抗噪能力,且计算复杂度最低。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Rotating bearings play an important role in modern industries, but have a high probability of occurrence of defects because they operate at high speed, high load, and poor operating environments. Therefore, if a delay time occurs when a bearing is diagnosed with a defect, this may cause economic loss and loss of life. Moreover, since the vibration sensor from which the signal is collected is highly affected by the operating environment and surrounding noise, accurate defect diagnosis in a noisy environment is also important. In this paper, we propose a lightweight and strong robustness network (LSR-Net) that is accurate in a noisy environment and enables real-time fault diagnosis. To this end, first, a denoising and feature enhancement module (DFEM) was designed to create a 3-channel 2D matrix by giving several nonlinearity to the feature-map that passed through the denoising module (DM) block composed of convolution-based denoising (CD) blocks. Moreover, adaptive pruning was applied to DM to improve denoising ability when the power of noise is strong. Second, for lightweight model design, a convolution-based efficiency shuffle (CES) block was designed using group convolution (GConv), group pointwise convolution (GPConv) and channel split that can design the model while maintaining low parameters. In addition, the trade-off between the accuracy and model computational complexity that can occur due to the lightweight design of the model was supplemented using attention mechanisms and channel shuffle. In order to verify the defect diagnosis performance of the proposed model, performance verification was conducted in a noisy environment using a vibration signal. As a result, it was confirmed that the proposed model had the best anti-noise ability compared to the benchmark models, and the computational complexity of the model was also the lowest.
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