arXiv:2601.11063cs.ROcs.AI2026-01被引 2

用PDDL将指令转为行为树,让异构机器人团队更可靠地协作完成复杂任务

EmboTeam: Grounding LLM Reasoning into Reactive Behavior Trees via PDDL for Embodied Multi-Robot Collaboration

  • 通过LLM生成PDDL问题描述,把自然语言指令变形成可计算的规划任务
  • 在8种家庭场景下完成42项复杂任务,成功率从12%提升至55%
  • 适合需要长期推理与动态协调的多机器人系统研究者

在具身人工智能中,让异构机器人团队从高层指令执行长周期任务仍是重大挑战。尽管大语言模型(LLMs)在指令解析和初步规划方面展现潜力,但在长期推理和动态多机器人协同方面存在局限。我们提出EmboTeam,一种新型具身多机器人任务规划框架,采用三级级联架构:1)利用LLM解析指令并生成规划领域定义语言(PDDL)问题描述,将命令转化为形式化规划问题;2)结合LLM的语义推理与经典规划器的搜索能力,生成优化的动作序列;3)将结果计划编译为行为树以实现反应式控制。该框架通过共享黑板机制支持动态规模的异构机器人团队通信与状态同步。为验证方法,我们引入MACE-THOR基准数据集,包含42个复杂任务,覆盖8种不同家庭布局。实验表明,相较LaMMA-P基线,EmboTeam将任务成功率从12%提升至55%,目标条件召回率从32%提升至72%。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

In embodied artificial intelligence, enabling heterogeneous robot teams to execute long-horizon tasks from high-level instructions remains a critical challenge. While large language models (LLMs) show promise in instruction parsing and preliminary planning, they exhibit limitations in long-term reasoning and dynamic multi-robot coordination. We propose EmboTeam, a novel embodied multi-robot task planning framework that addresses these issues through a three-stage cascaded architecture: 1) It leverages an LLM to parse instructions and generate Planning Domain Definition Language (PDDL) problem descriptions, thereby transforming commands into formal planning problems; 2) It combines the semantic reasoning of LLMs with the search capabilities of a classical planner to produce optimized action sequences; 3) It compiles the resulting plan into behavior trees for reactive control. The framework supports dynamically sized heterogeneous robot teams via a shared blackboard mechanism for communication and state synchronization. To validate our approach, we introduce the MACE-THOR benchmark dataset, comprising 42 complex tasks across 8 distinct household layouts. Experiments show EmboTeam improves the task success rate from 12% to 55% and goal condition recall from 32% to 72% over the LaMMA-P baseline.

多机器人任务规划行为树PDDL

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