arXiv:2601.11350cs.LGcs.AI2026-01被引 2

轻量级时序预测模型,可在边缘设备上实现高精度长周期预测。

FEATHer: Fourier-Efficient Adaptive Temporal Hierarchy Forecaster for Time-Series Forecasting

  • 通过频域分解与自适应门控融合多尺度时序特征
  • 参数仅400个却在8个数据集上60次排名第一
  • 适合工业边缘设备实时推理,无需注意力机制

时序预测在制造和智能工厂等工业领域至关重要。随着系统向自动化演进,模型需在边缘设备(如PLC、微控制器)上运行,面临严格的延迟与内存限制,参数量被限制在数千以内,传统深度架构难以适用。本文提出面向严苛约束的傅里叶高效自适应时序层次预测器FEATHer,实现高精度长期预测。FEATHer引入:(i) 超轻量级多尺度频域分解;(ii) 无循环或注意力机制的共享密集时序核,采用投影-深度卷积-投影结构;(iii) 基于频谱特性的频率感知分支门控,自适应融合表征;(iv) 通过周期性下采样重建输出的稀疏周期核,捕捉季节性。该模型参数最少仅400个,却在8个基准上取得最佳排名,平均排名2.05,60次位列第一。结果表明,在受限边缘硬件上实现可靠长程预测是可行的,为工业实时推理提供了实用方向。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Time-series forecasting is fundamental in industrial domains like manufacturing and smart factories. As systems evolve toward automation, models must operate on edge devices (e.g., PLCs, microcontrollers) with strict constraints on latency and memory, limiting parameters to a few thousand. Conventional deep architectures are often impractical here. We propose the Fourier-Efficient Adaptive Temporal Hierarchy Forecaster (FEATHer) for accurate long-term forecasting under severe limits. FEATHer introduces: (i) ultra-lightweight multiscale decomposition into frequency pathways; (ii) a shared Dense Temporal Kernel using projection-depthwise convolution-projection without recurrence or attention; (iii) frequency-aware branch gating that adaptively fuses representations based on spectral characteristics; and (iv) a Sparse Period Kernel reconstructing outputs via period-wise downsampling to capture seasonality. FEATHer maintains a compact architecture (as few as 400 parameters) while outperforming baselines. Across eight benchmarks, it achieves the best ranking, recording 60 first-place results with an average rank of 2.05. These results demonstrate that reliable long-range forecasting is achievable on constrained edge hardware, offering a practical direction for industrial real-time inference.

时序预测边缘计算轻量化模型傅里叶变换

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