arXiv:2601.11491cs.LGcs.ET2026-01

用低功耗芯片实现高效文本摘要,速度提升3-4.5倍,能耗降低百倍。

Extractive summarization on a CMOS Ising machine

  • 设计适配硬件的伊辛模型,解决参数量级不平衡问题。
  • 在CNN/DailyMail数据集上生成高质量摘要,精度媲美软件方法。
  • 适合边缘设备实时运行,能效比显著优于传统计算平台。

抽取式摘要旨在从文档中选取一组句子生成简洁摘要,同时最大化相关性并最小化冗余。尽管现代系统采用强大神经模型实现了高准确率,但其部署通常依赖能耗高的CPU或GPU,难以在资源受限环境中实现实时推理。本文探索在低功耗CMOS耦合振荡器伊辛机(COBI)上实现McDonald风格的抽取式摘要,该硬件支持整数型全连接自旋耦合。我们提出一种面向硬件的伊辛建模方法,缓解局部场与耦合项间的量级失衡,提升对系数量化误差的鲁棒性,该方法适用于需从n个变量中选k个的问题。进一步构建完整摘要流水线:(i) 采用随机舍入与迭代精炼补偿精度损失;(ii) 提出分解策略,将大规模摘要问题拆分为可由COBI高效求解的小型伊辛子问题,并后续融合。在CNN/DailyMail数据集上的实验表明,仅使用有限精度整数耦合硬件即可生成高质量摘要。相比暴力搜索方法,COBI实现3-4.5倍的运行时加速,性能接近软件禁忌搜索算法,同时能耗降低2-3个数量级,且摘要质量具有竞争力。结果表明,CMOS伊辛求解器有望用于边缘设备上实时、低功耗的文本摘要。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Extractive summarization (ES) aims to generate a concise summary by selecting a subset of sentences from a document while maximizing relevance and minimizing redundancy. Although modern ES systems achieve high accuracy using powerful neural models, their deployment typically relies on CPU or GPU infrastructures that are energy-intensive and poorly suited for real-time inference in resource-constrained environments. In this work, we explore the feasibility of implementing McDonald-style extractive summarization on a low-power CMOS coupled oscillator-based Ising machine (COBI) that supports integer-valued, all-to-all spin couplings. We first propose a hardware-aware Ising formulation that reduces the scale imbalance between local fields and coupling terms, thereby improving robustness to coefficient quantization: this method can be applied to any problem formulation that requires k of n variables to be chosen. We then develop a complete ES pipeline including (i) stochastic rounding and iterative refinement to compensate for precision loss, and (ii) a decomposition strategy that partitions a large ES problem into smaller Ising subproblems that can be efficiently solved on COBI and later combined. Experimental results on the CNN/DailyMail dataset show that our pipeline can produce high-quality summaries using only integer-coupled Ising hardware with limited precision. COBI achieves 3-4.5x runtime speedups compared to a brute-force method, which is comparable to software Tabu search, and two to three orders of magnitude reductions in energy, while maintaining competitive summary quality. These results highlight the potential of deploying CMOS Ising solvers for real-time, low-energy text summarization on edge devices.

文本摘要伊辛机边缘计算低功耗

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。