arXiv:2601.11620cs.AI2026-01AAAI被引 3

意识的统一性依赖于同时性,顺序计算无法实现真正的意识体验。

A Mind Cannot Be Smeared Across Time

  • 用时窗约束满足的代数法则,形式化了意识经验的并发需求
  • 证明存在感知成分但无法同时实现整体经验,即'非同时联合'
  • 适合关注意识本质与神经机制的理论研究者

机器能否具备意识不仅取决于计算内容,更取决于计算时机。当前多数人工智能系统采用串行或时分复用更新,而意识体验却具有统一且同时的特征。本文通过扩展栈理论,引入时窗轨迹τ_Δ上的时序语义,证明存在性时序实现♦_Δ不保持合取关系:系统可在时间上分别实现经验各要素,却始终无法真正实现经验本身的合取。进而提出两种假设——'和弦'(Chord)要求所有构成要素在时窗内客观共时呈现,如乐曲和弦;'琶音'(Arpeggio)仅需要素在时窗内出现即可,如旋律。定义并发容量以衡量共时实现所需能力。最后综述神经生理学证据,显示意识依赖相位同步与有效连接,而意识丧失伴随其瓦解。在和弦假说下,若经验基底需两个以上同时贡献者,则纯串行硬件无法实现软件意识,硬件至关重要。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Whether machines can be conscious depends not only on what they compute, but \emph{when} they compute it. Most deployed artificial systems realise their functions via sequential or time-multiplexed updates, yet a moment of conscious experience feels unified and simultaneous. I prove that this difference matters. I augment Stack Theory with algebraic laws relating within time-window constraint satisfaction to conjunction. I introduce a temporal semantics over windowed trajectories $τ_Δ$ and prove that existential temporal realisation $\Diamond_Δ$ does not preserve conjunction. A system can realise all the ingredients of experience across time without ever instantiating the experienced conjunction itself. I then distinguish two postulates, Chord and Arpeggio. Chord is the position that conscious unity requires \textit{objective co-instantiation} of the grounded conjunction within the window, like a musical chord. Arpeggio only needs the ingredients to \textit{occur} within window, like a melody. I formalise concurrency-capacity to measure what is needed to satisfy co-instantiation. Finally, I review neurophysiological evidence suggesting that consciousness depends on phase synchrony and effective connectivity, and that loss of consciousness is associated with its breakdown. Under Chord, software consciousness on strictly sequential substrates is impossible for contents whose grounding requires two or more simultaneous contributors. The hardware matters.

意识理论时序计算神经机制

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