arXiv:2601.11651cs.CVcs.AI2026-01被引 3

AI生成图像和分类系统会放大外貌偏见,加剧性别不平等。

Aesthetics as Structural Harm: Algorithmic Lookism Across Text-to-Image Generation and Classification

  • 分析2.6万张生成人脸,发现AI将颜值与正面特质关联
  • 女性脸孔在分类中误判率显著高于男性,尤其负面特质时
  • 新模型通过年龄同质化等强化审美标准,加剧社会偏见

本文研究文本到图像生成与下游性别分类任务中的算法外貌歧视问题。通过对使用Stable Diffusion 2.1和3.5 Medium生成的26,400张合成人脸分析,发现生成模型系统性地将面部吸引力与积极属性关联,反映社会建构偏见而非实证关系。同时,三种性别分类算法在输入人脸属性影响下存在显著性别偏差。研究揭示三类关键危害:(1) 生成模型中系统编码了外貌-正向特质关联;(2) 性别分类系统中女性面孔(尤其负面特质)误判率远高于男性;(3) 新模型通过年龄同质化、性别暴露模式和地理简化强化审美约束。这些收敛模式表明算法外貌歧视是跨视觉系统的结构性基础设施,通过表征与识别双重路径放大既有不平等。注:本研究包含反映外貌与性别、种族及社会可取性等刻板关联的视觉与文本内容,其关联源于生成模型嵌入偏见,非实证真理或作者立场。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

This paper examines algorithmic lookism-the systematic preferential treatment based on physical appearance-in text-to-image (T2I) generative AI and a downstream gender classification task. Through the analysis of 26,400 synthetic faces created with Stable Diffusion 2.1 and 3.5 Medium, we demonstrate how generative AI models systematically associate facial attractiveness with positive attributes and vice-versa, mirroring socially constructed biases rather than evidence-based correlations. Furthermore, we find significant gender bias in three gender classification algorithms depending on the attributes of the input faces. Our findings reveal three critical harms: (1) the systematic encoding of attractiveness-positive attribute associations in T2I models; (2) gender disparities in classification systems, where women's faces, particularly those generated with negative attributes, suffer substantially higher misclassification rates than men's; and (3) intensifying aesthetic constraints in newer models through age homogenization, gendered exposure patterns, and geographic reductionism. These convergent patterns reveal algorithmic lookism as systematic infrastructure operating across AI vision systems, compounding existing inequalities through both representation and recognition. Disclaimer: This work includes visual and textual content that reflects stereotypical associations between physical appearance and socially constructed attributes, including gender, race, and traits associated with social desirability. Any such associations found in this study emerge from the biases embedded in generative AI systems-not from empirical truths or the authors' views.

算法偏见生成模型性别公平外貌歧视

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