根据信号复杂度动态调整计算量,提升卫星导航干扰识别效率
PhyG-MoE: A Physics-Guided Mixture-of-Experts Framework for Energy-Efficient GNSS Interference Recognition
- 用频谱特征熵决定激活哪个专家模型,实现按需计算
- 21类干扰下准确率达97.58%,计算开销显著降低
- 适合资源受限的智能接收机,尤其适用于复杂电磁环境
复杂的电磁干扰正日益威胁全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)的可靠性,影响空-天-地一体化网络(SAGIN)的稳定运行。尽管深度学习在干扰识别方面取得进展,但现有静态模型存在根本性局限:无论输入信号的物理熵如何,都采用固定的计算结构。这种僵化导致资源错配——简单信号与复杂混叠信号消耗相同算力。为此,本文提出物理引导的专家混合框架PhyG-MoE,通过基于频谱特征纠缠程度的门控机制,动态匹配模型容量与信号复杂度。在饱和场景中,高容量TransNeXt专家被按需激活以解耦复杂特征;而在简单信号情况下,轻量级专家快速处理,降低延迟。在21类干扰数据集上的评估显示,PhyG-MoE整体准确率达到97.58%。该框架有效缓解了静态计算与动态电磁环境之间的矛盾,在不损失性能的前提下显著降低计算开销,为资源受限的认知接收机提供了可行方案。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Complex electromagnetic interference increasingly compromises Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), threatening the reliability of Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks (SAGIN). Although deep learning has advanced interference recognition, current static models suffer from a \textbf{fundamental limitation}: they impose a fixed computational topology regardless of the input's physical entropy. This rigidity leads to severe resource mismatch, where simple primitives consume the same processing cost as chaotic, saturated mixtures. To resolve this, this paper introduces PhyG-MoE (Physics-Guided Mixture-of-Experts), a framework designed to \textbf{dynamically align model capacity with signal complexity}. Unlike static architectures, the proposed system employs a spectrum-based gating mechanism that routes signals based on their spectral feature entanglement. A high-capacity TransNeXt expert is activated on-demand to disentangle complex features in saturated scenarios, while lightweight experts handle fundamental signals to minimize latency. Evaluations on 21 jamming categories demonstrate that PhyG-MoE achieves an overall accuracy of 97.58\%. By resolving the intrinsic conflict between static computing and dynamic electromagnetic environments, the proposed framework significantly reduces computational overhead without performance degradation, offering a viable solution for resource-constrained cognitive receivers.
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